Welcome to CrackTarget.com’s Daily Current Affairs for June 4, 2025! Stay ahead in your preparation for UPSC, SSC, Banking, NDA, CDS, and other competitive exams with our meticulously curated updates.
Our exam-focused insights cover national and international events, economy, environment, and more, ensuring you’re well-equipped to tackle General Knowledge sections. Dive into today’s top headlines, test your knowledge with our MCQs, and master mains with our descriptive questions!

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Today’s Key Highlights

On June 4, 2025, India witnessed significant developments, from PM Modi’s multi-state project launches to advancements in AI and wildlife conservation. Globally, leadership changes and India’s growing international presence took center stage.

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National Affairs

• PM Modi’s Multi-State Visit: Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Sikkim, West Bengal, Bihar, and Uttar Pradesh, launching projects worth Rs 47,600 crore in UP, including infrastructure, healthcare, and education initiatives to boost regional development.
• ISRO’s ISSAR 2024 Report: The Indian Space Research Organisation released the Indian Space Situational Assessment Report (ISSAR) 2024, enhancing space situational awareness and reinforcing India’s leadership in space technology.
• Bharat Gen AI Launch: Unveiled at the BharatGen Summit, this multimodal Large Language Model (LLM) supports 22 Indian languages, developed by IIT Bombay, promoting digital inclusion and innovation.
• Battery Aadhaar Initiative: Launched to ensure traceability in India’s battery ecosystem using blockchain technology, supporting the electric vehicle (EV) sector and sustainability goals.
• Gujarat’s Rail Electrification Milestone: Gujarat became the 24th state/UT to achieve 100% rail electrification, advancing India’s green transportation agenda.

International Affairs

• Portugal’s PM Reappointment: Luís Montenegro was reappointed as Portugal’s Prime Minister, explicitly ruling out constitutional reforms during his tenure.
• UNGA President Election: Germany’s Annalena Baerbock was elected President of the United Nations General Assembly, the first woman from Western Europe to hold the position.
• Poland’s Presidential Election: Karol Nawrocki won Poland’s presidency with 50.89% votes, marking a significant political shift.
• IATA AGM Hosted by India: The 81st IATA Annual General Meeting and World Air Transport Summit concluded in New Delhi, hosted by IndiGo, highlighting India’s aviation growth.

Banking & Finance

• IOB-AMUL-Richplus MoU: Indian Overseas Bank, AMUL, and Richplus signed an MoU to support 1 lakh organic farmers, boosting sustainable agriculture and rural livelihoods.
• IOCL’s Green Hydrogen Initiative: Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. announced plans for India’s largest green hydrogen plant at Panipat, with a capacity of 10,000 TPA, aligning with the National Green Hydrogen Mission.

Economy & Business

• Fiscal and Economic Developments: Continued infrastructure investments, as seen in PM Modi’s project launches, signal robust economic activity, supported by policies like the DHRUVA initiative.
• Digital Economy Boost: The launch of XChat by Elon Musk’s X, a blockchain-encrypted messaging service for paid subscribers, underscores global digital innovation trends impacting India.

Science & Technology

• XChat Launch: Elon Musk’s X introduced XChat, a secure messaging platform using blockchain encryption, enhancing privacy for paid subscribers.
• Bharat Gen’s Technological Leap: The AI model’s multilingual capabilities mark a milestone in India’s tech ecosystem, fostering innovation under the National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems.

Environment

• Kumram Bheem Conservation Reserve: Telangana notified a 1,492.88 sq km tiger corridor in Kawal as a conservation reserve, connecting to Tadoba-Andhari, bolstering tiger conservation.
• Tral Wildlife Sanctuary ESZ: An Eco-Sensitive Zone was notified around Jammu & Kashmir’s Tral Wildlife Sanctuary to protect the endangered Hangul Deer, enhancing biodiversity efforts.

Sports

• Asian Athletics Championships 2025:
  India secured 2nd place with 24 medals (8 gold, 10 silver, 6 bronze), showcasing athletic prowess.
• Thailand Open Boxing 2025: Indian boxers won 8 medals (2 gold, 1 silver, 5 bronze), reinforcing India’s dominance in regional sports.
• F1 Spanish Grand Prix: Australia’s Oscar Piastri clinched the title, marking a notable achievement in motorsports.
• Glenn Maxwell’s ODI Retirement: Australian cricketer Glenn Maxwell announced his retirement from One-Day Internationals, ending a celebrated career.
• IPL 2025 Glory: Royal Challengers Bangalore (RCB) won their maiden IPL title, defeating Punjab Kings by 6 runs in a thrilling final.

Awards & Recognitions

• Miss World 2025: Thailand’s Opal Suchata Chuangsri was crowned in Hyderabad, marking a global cultural highlight hosted by India.
  

Appointments

• CII President for FY25-26: Rajiv Memani took over as President of the Confederation of Indian Industry, set to drive industry-led growth initiatives.

Government Schemes

• DHRUVA Policy: Launched by the Department of Posts, this geo-coded digital address system aims to revolutionize governance, e-commerce, and service delivery through Address-as-a-Service (AaaS).

State News

• Uttar Pradesh Agniveer Reservation: UP approved a 20% reservation for former Agniveers in police recruitment, supporting ex-servicemen integration.
• Ladakh Reservation Regulation: The Ladakh Reservation (Amendment) Regulation, 2025, mandates up to 85% job reservation for locals, excluding EWS quota, and reserves 1/3 seats for women in Hill Councils.

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Quiz Time: MCQs for Prelims

Test your preparation with these 10 moderate-to-hard MCQs based on today’s current affairs:

1. Who was elected as the President of the United Nations General Assembly in June 2025?
   a) Philemon Yang
   b) Annalena Baerbock
   c) António Guterres
   d) Volkan Bozkir
   
   Answer: b) Annalena Baerbock
   
2. Which state became India’s 24th state/UT to achieve 100% rail electrification?
   a) Maharashtra
   b) Gujarat
   c) Tamil Nadu
   d) Karnataka
   
   Answer: b) Gujarat
   
3. What is the name of the initiative launched for battery traceability in India’s EV ecosystem?
   a) Battery ID Scheme
   b) Battery Aadhaar Initiative
   c) Battery Tracking Program
   d) Battery Management System
   
   Answer: b) Battery Aadhaar Initiative
   
4. Where was the 81st IATA Annual General Meeting held in 2025?
   a) United States
   b) United Arab Emirates
   c) India
   d) Singapore
   
   Answer: c) India
   
5. Who won the F1 Spanish Grand Prix in 2025?
   a) Lewis Hamilton
   b) Max Verstappen
   c) Oscar Piastri
   d) Charles Leclerc
   
   Answer: c) Oscar Piastri
   
6. Which team won their maiden IPL title on May 3, 2025?
   a) Mumbai Indians
   b) Chennai Super Kings
   c) Royal Challengers Bangalore
   d) Kolkata Knight Riders
   
   Answer: c) Royal Challengers Bangalore
   
7. What is the capacity of IOCL’s green hydrogen plant planned at Panipat?
   a) 5,000 TPA
   b) 10,000 TPA
   c) 15,000 TPA
   d) 20,000 TPA
   
   Answer: b) 10,000 TPA
   
8. Which wildlife sanctuary in Jammu & Kashmir had an Eco-Sensitive Zone notified to protect the Hangul Deer?
   a) Dachigam Wildlife Sanctuary
   b) Tral Wildlife Sanctuary
   c) Overa-Aru Wildlife Sanctuary
   d) Hirpora Wildlife Sanctuary
   
   Answer: b) Tral Wildlife Sanctuary
   
9. Who was crowned Miss World 2025 in Hyderabad?
   a) Manushi Chhillar
   b) Opal Suchata Chuangsri
   c) Vanessa Ponce
   d) Toni-Ann Singh
   
   Answer: b) Opal Suchata Chuangsri
   
10. What is the name of the policy launched for geo-coded digital address infrastructure in India?
    a) AADHAAR Address
    b) Digital India Address
    c) DHRUVA Policy
    d) GeoCode Initiative
    
    Answer: c) DHRUVA Policy
    

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Mains Practice: Descriptive Questions with Model Answers

Boost your UPSC and BPSC mains preparation with these 5 descriptive questions and detailed answers, aligned with the current affairs of June 4, 2025:

Question 1: Discuss the significance of the Battery Aadhaar Initiative in strengthening India’s electric vehicle ecosystem and its role in achieving sustainability goals.

Answer:
Introduction: Launched in May 2025, the Battery Aadhaar Initiative, developed by Tata Elxsi, introduces a 16-digit digital identity for batteries using blockchain technology. This initiative aims to enhance traceability across the battery lifecycle, from production to disposal, supporting India’s electric vehicle (EV) ecosystem and sustainability objectives.

Significance for EV Ecosystem:

• Traceability and Accountability: The initiative ensures batteries are tracked, reducing counterfeit products and improving quality control, critical for EV reliability.
• Recycling and Circular Economy: By enabling end-to-end monitoring, it promotes battery recycling, minimizing environmental hazards and resource wastage.
• Regulatory Compliance: It aligns with India’s EV policies, ensuring adherence to safety and environmental standards, boosting consumer confidence.
• Industry Growth: Supports the EV market, projected to reach 10 million annual sales by 2030, by fostering innovation and supply chain efficiency.

Contribution to Sustainability Goals:

• Net-Zero by 2070: By promoting recycling and reducing battery waste, it supports India’s carbon neutrality target.
• Green Energy Integration: Enhances the use of batteries in renewable energy storage, complementing initiatives like IOCL’s green hydrogen plant.
• Global Leadership: Positions India as a leader in sustainable battery technology, aligning with global trends like the EU’s Battery Passport.

Challenges and Way Forward: Challenges include high implementation costs, technological adoption in rural areas, and stakeholder coordination. The government should invest in awareness campaigns, subsidize EV adoption, and integrate the initiative with policies like the National Green Hydrogen Mission.

Conclusion: The Battery Aadhaar Initiative is a transformative step toward a sustainable EV ecosystem, supporting India’s environmental commitments and economic growth. Its success hinges on robust implementation and stakeholder collaboration.

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Question 2: Analyze the impact of the DHRUVA Policy on India’s digital infrastructure and its potential benefits for governance and socio-economic development.

Answer:
Introduction: The DHRUVA Policy, launched by the Department of Posts in 2025, establishes a geo-coded digital address system, building on DIGIPIN. It introduces Address-as-a-Service (AaaS), aiming to revolutionize location identification and strengthen India’s Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI).

Impact on Digital Infrastructure:

• Standardized Addressing: Replaces fragmented physical addresses with unique digital codes, enhancing precision in location-based services.
• Interoperability: Integrates with platforms like Aadhaar and UPI, creating a cohesive DPI ecosystem.
• Technological Advancement: Developed with IIT Hyderabad and ISRO’s NRSC, it leverages AI and GIS for scalability and accuracy.

Benefits for Governance:

• Efficient Service Delivery: Enables precise targeting of welfare schemes, reducing leakages and improving access to benefits like DBT.
• Disaster Management: Real-time geo-coded data aids rapid response during crises, such as floods or earthquakes.
• Urban Planning: Supports smart city initiatives by providing accurate spatial data for infrastructure development.

Socio-Economic Development:

• E-Commerce Growth: Enhances logistics accuracy, reducing delivery errors and boosting MSME participation in online markets.
• Digital Inclusion: Bridges the urban-rural divide, complementing initiatives like Bharat Gen to empower underserved communities.
• Job Creation: Fosters innovation in location-based services, creating opportunities for startups and tech enterprises.

Challenges and Way Forward: Challenges include ensuring last-mile connectivity, addressing privacy concerns, and training stakeholders. The government should conduct awareness drives, integrate DHRUVA with rural development programs, and ensure data security protocols.

Conclusion: The DHRUVA Policy is a cornerstone of India’s DPI, driving efficient governance and inclusive growth. Its success will depend on addressing implementation challenges and fostering public-private partnerships.

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Question 3: Evaluate the importance of the Kumram Bheem Conservation Reserve in Telangana for India’s wildlife conservation efforts and its broader environmental implications.

Answer:
Introduction: In 2025, Telangana notified the Kumram Bheem Conservation Reserve (1,492.88 sq km), connecting Kawal Tiger Reserve with Maharashtra’s Tadoba-Andhari under Section 36A of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. This strengthens India’s wildlife conservation framework and supports ecological sustainability.

Importance for Wildlife Conservation:

• Tiger Population Stability: Facilitates safe tiger movement, ensuring genetic diversity and supporting India’s 3,682 tigers (2022 Tiger Census).
• Biodiversity Protection: Protects over 240 bird species and diverse flora across 78 forest blocks, enhancing ecosystem resilience.
• Community Engagement: Allows limited human activity, promoting coexistence and reducing human-wildlife conflict.
• Dedicated Management: A 12-member committee ensures focused conservation efforts, aligning with Project Tiger objectives.

Broader Environmental Implications:

• Carbon Sequestration: Dense forests act as carbon sinks, supporting India’s net-zero goal by 2070.
• Ecosystem Services: Preserves water catchments and soil fertility, benefiting agriculture in tribal regions.
• Eco-Tourism Potential: Generates revenue for conservation and local economies, similar to successful models in Kanha NP.
• Climate Resilience: Complements initiatives like RBI’s Climate Risk Information System to address environmental risks.

Challenges and Way Forward: Challenges include funding constraints, potential community conflicts, and monitoring needs. The government should leverage technologies like GIS (used in DHRUVA) for real-time monitoring, engage local communities, and secure sustained funding.

Conclusion: The Kumram Bheem Conservation Reserve is a vital step in India’s wildlife conservation strategy, enhancing biodiversity and ecological balance. Its success will depend on integrated policies and community involvement.

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Question 4: Discuss the implications of the Ladakh Reservation (Amendment) Regulation, 2025, on the region’s socio-economic development and its alignment with India’s inclusive growth agenda.

Answer:
Introduction: The Ladakh Reservation (Amendment) Regulation, 2025, mandates up to 85% job reservation for locals, excludes EWS quota, and reserves 1/3 seats for women in Hill Councils. This policy aims to empower Ladakh’s population while addressing regional aspirations.

Implications for Socio-Economic Development:

• Employment Opportunities: The 85% reservation reduces unemployment, retaining local talent and addressing youth migration.
• Gender Empowerment: Reserving 1/3 seats for women in Hill Councils promotes gender equality and inclusive governance.
• Cultural Preservation: Prioritizing locals safeguards Ladakh’s unique cultural identity amidst rapid development.
• Economic Growth: Local job creation boosts purchasing power, supporting small businesses and regional markets.

Alignment with Inclusive Growth:

• Social Equity: Addresses disparities by prioritizing marginalized communities in a geographically isolated region.
• Policy Synergies: Complements initiatives like PMJDY and DHRUVA, enhancing access to services through localized governance.
• Sustainable Development: Balances economic growth with cultural and environmental preservation, aligning with SDG-10 (Reduced Inequalities).

Challenges and Way Forward: Challenges include potential merit-based exclusion, administrative inefficiencies, and limited private-sector opportunities. The government should ensure transparent recruitment, provide skill training, and encourage private investment in Ladakh.

Conclusion: The regulation fosters inclusive socio-economic development in Ladakh, aligning with India’s broader growth agenda. Its success requires balancing reservation with merit and fostering economic diversification.

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Question 5: Analyze the role of IOCL’s green hydrogen plant at Panipat in advancing India’s energy transition and its contribution to global climate goals.

Answer:
Introduction: Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. (IOCL) announced India’s largest green hydrogen plant at Panipat (10,000 TPA), powered by renewable energy, in 2025. This aligns with the National Green Hydrogen Mission and India’s commitment to net-zero by 2070.

Role in Energy Transition:

• Decarbonization: Green hydrogen, produced via electrolysis, reduces emissions in transportation and industrial sectors, replacing fossil fuels.
• Renewable Energy Integration: Utilizes solar and wind energy, enhancing renewable capacity utilization.
• Scalability: The 10,000 TPA capacity sets a precedent for large-scale green hydrogen production, supporting India’s target of 5 MMT by 2030.
• Innovation and Investment: Attracts private investment and fosters R&D in hydrogen technologies, complementing initiatives like Bharat Gen.

Contribution to Global Climate Goals:

• Net-Zero Commitment: Supports India’s Paris Agreement pledge by reducing carbon intensity in hard-to-abate sectors.
• Global Leadership: Positions India as a green hydrogen hub, aligning with global initiatives like the EU’s Hydrogen Strategy.
• Sustainable Development: Creates jobs and promotes green industries, contributing to SDG-7 (Affordable and Clean Energy).

Challenges and Way Forward: Challenges include high production costs, infrastructure needs, and technology scalability. The government should provide subsidies, develop hydrogen infrastructure, and integrate the plant with policies like the Battery Aadhaar Initiative.

Conclusion: IOCL’s Panipat plant is a pivotal step in India’s energy transition, driving sustainable growth and global climate leadership. Strategic investments and policy support will ensure its long-term impact.