OverviewThe Cholas, Cheras, and Pandyas, collectively known as the mudi-vendar (crowned kings) of South India, were prominent Tamil dynasties that shaped the political, economic, and cultural landscape of the region from the Sangam period (3rd century BCE–3rd century CE) to the medieval era (13th–16th century CE). Centered in Tamil Nadu and Kerala, these kingdoms excelled…

OverviewThe Chola Empire (circa 9th–13th century CE), a prominent South Indian dynasty, is renowned for its efficient administration, maritime prowess, and monumental contributions to art and architecture, particularly Dravidian temple architecture. Centered in the Kaveri delta (modern Tamil Nadu), with key capitals at Thanjavur and Gangaikonda Cholapuram, the Cholas reached their zenith under rulers like…