In the last post we have analyzed first 60 Questions
Now read careful the next 60 Questions (Q.no. 61-120)
UPSC Ayurvedic Medical Officer Exam 2021 Solved Paper
61. Agnipratapanam Kāryamuṣṇam TathauṣadhamQuestion: ‘Agnipratapanam Kāryamuṣṇam Tathauṣadham’ is the line of treatment of:
(a) Pluṣṭa dagdha
(b) Samyaka dagdha
(c) Ati dagdha
(d) Durdagdha
Answer: (a) Pluṣṭa dagdha
Explanation: In Sushruta Samhita (Sutra Sthana, Chapter 12), Pluṣṭa Dagdha (superficial burn) is treated with Agnipratapanam (mild heat application) and Uṣṇa Auṣadham (warm medicaments) to promote healing and circulation. Samyaka, Ati, and Durdagdha require cooling or other treatments due to deeper tissue damage.
62. Śalākā for Eṣaṇa
Question: Which one of the following is the appropriate Śalākā for Eṣaṇa?
(a) Gaṇḍūpad Śalākā
(b) Khallava mukha Śalākā
(c) Jāmbavausṭha Śalākā
(d) Kārpāsakṛtoṣṇi Śalākā
Answer: (c) Jāmbavausṭha Śalākā
Explanation: Eṣaṇa (probing) in Sushruta Samhita (Sutra Sthana, Chapter 8) requires Jāmbavausṭha Śalākā, a probe with a spoon-like end, to explore wounds or sinuses. Other Śalākās are used for different purposes, like cauterization or cleaning.
63. Glycosides Scillaren A and Scillaren B
Question: Glycosides Scillaren A and Scillaren B are found in:
(a) Rasona
(b) Vanapalānḍu
(c) Hṛtapatrī
(d) Karavīra
Answer: (b) Vanapalānḍu
Explanation: Scillaren A and B are cardiac glycosides found in Vanapalānḍu (Urginea indica, Indian squill), used in Ayurveda for heart conditions. Rasona (garlic), Hṛtapatrī (Digitalis), and Karavīra (Nerium) contain different compounds.
64. Habitat of Tuvaraka
Question: Which one of the following is the habitat of Tuvaraka?
(a) Eastern India
(b) Heights of Himalayas
(c) North India
(d) Hills of Western Ghats
Answer: (d) Hills of Western Ghats
Explanation: Tuvaraka (Hydnocarpus laurifolia) grows in the hills of the Western Ghats, as per Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. It is used for skin disorders like Kuṣṭha and is native to this region, not the Himalayas or North/East India.
65. Kṛcchreṇa Ca Vivardhate in Kṣīra Doṣa
Question: ‘Kṛcchreṇa Ca Vivardhate’ is the effect of which one of the following Kṣīra Doṣa?
(a) Gurutā
(b) Vivarṇatā
(c) Rūkṣatā
(d) Virasatā
Answer: (c) Rūkṣatā
Explanation: In Kāśyapa Samhita, ‘Kṛcchreṇa Ca Vivardhate’ (grows with difficulty) describes the effect of Rūkṣatā (dryness) in breast milk, leading to poor nourishment and growth in the infant. Gurutā (heaviness), Vivarṇatā (discoloration), and Virasatā (tastelessness) have different effects.
66. Synonym of DhātrīpatraQuestion: ‘Dhātrīpatra’ is the synonym of:
(a) Āmalaka
(b) Tālīsapatra
(c) Bhūmyāmalakī
(d) Bhūdhātrī Answer: (a) Āmalaka
Explanation: Dhātrīpatra (leaf of Dhātrī) is a synonym of Āmalaka (Emblica officinalis), as per Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. Tālīsapatra, Bhūmyāmalakī, and Bhūdhātrī are different plants.
67. Synonym of Meṣalocana
Question: ‘Meṣalocana’ is a synonym of:
(a) Guḍūcī
(b) Arjuna
(c) Kantakīkaranja
(d) Cakramarda
Answer: (b) Arjuna
Explanation: Meṣalocana (sheep’s eye) is a synonym of Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna), as per Bhavaprakasha Nighantu, due to its appearance or properties. The other options are unrelated.
68. Stanya Śodhaka DrugQuestion: Which one of the following drugs is ‘Stanya Śodhaka’?
(a) Guḍūcī
(b) Vana Uḍada
(c) Īkha
(d) Kulathī Answer: (d) Kulathī
Explanation: Kulathī (Dolichos biflorus) is classified as Stanya Śodhaka (breast milk purifier) in Charaka Samhita (Sutra Sthana, Chapter 4), as it helps remove toxins from breast milk. Guḍūcī is Stanya Janana, while Īkha and Vana Uḍada are not primarily used for this purpose.
69. Matching Upadanśa Types with Symptoms
Question: Match List I (Type of Upadanśa) with List II (Symptom):
A. Vātika – 1. Kaṭhinaḥ snigdhaḥ
B. Paittika – 2. Kṛṣṇasphoṭa prādurbhāvo
C. Rakataja – 3. Tvakparipuṭanam
D. Ślaiṣmika – 4. Pakvodumbara sankāśa
(a) A/3 B/4 C/2 D/1
(b) A/1 B/2 C/4 D/3
(c) A/3 B/2 C/4 D/1
(d) A/1 B/4 C/2 D/3
Answer: (c) A/3 B/2 C/4 D/1
Explanation: In Sushruta Samhita (Nidana Sthana, Chapter 14):
- Vātika Upadanśa: Tvakparipuṭanam (skin cracking).
- Paittika: Kṛṣṇasphoṭa prādurbhāvo (black blisters).
- Rakataja: Pakvodumbara sankāśa (resembling ripe fig).
- Ślaiṣmika: Kaṭhinaḥ snigdhaḥ (hard and unctuous).Thus, A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1.
70. Cause of Raktasṭhīvana in Yakṣmā by CharakaQuestion: According to Caraka, which one of the following is the cause of Raktasṭhīvana in Yakṣmā?
(a) Kṣaya
(b) Kāsa
(c) Viṣamāśana
(d) Jvara Answer: (b) Kāsa
Explanation: In Charaka Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 8), Raktasṭhīvana (hemoptysis) in Yakṣmā (tuberculosis) is primarily caused by Kāsa (cough), which irritates the respiratory tract, leading to bleeding. Kṣaya (wasting) is the overall disease process, while Viṣamāśana and Jvara are contributing factors, not direct causes of hemoptysis.
71. Toxic Constituent in Eranḍa Seeds
Question: What is the toxic constituent present in seeds of Eranḍa?
(a) Reserpine
(b) Ricin
(c) Valeric acid
(d) Euphorbin
Answer: (b) Ricin
Explanation: Eranḍa (Ricinus communis) seeds contain Ricin, a highly toxic protein that can cause severe poisoning if ingested. Reserpine is found in Rauwolfia, Valeric acid in Valerian, and Euphorbin in Euphorbia species.
72. Drugs NOT in Jīvanīya Mahākaṣāya
Question: Which two drugs are NOT enumerated in ‘Jīvanīya Mahākaṣāya’ of Caraka Samhita?
(a) Medā and Mahāmedā
(b) Ṛddhi and Vṛddhi
(c) Kākolī and KṣīraKākolī
(d) Jīvaka and Ṛṣabhaka
Answer: (b) Ṛddhi and Vṛddhi
Explanation: Jīvanīya Mahākaṣāya in Charaka Samhita (Sutra Sthana, Chapter 4) includes Jīvaka, Ṛṣabhaka, Medā, Mahāmedā, Kākolī, and KṣīraKākolī for their vitality-promoting properties. Ṛddhi and Vṛddhi are part of other groups, like Vṛṣya Mahākaṣāya, but not Jīvanīya.
73. Drug NOT in Hṛdya Mahākaṣāya
Question: Which one is NOT mentioned in ‘Hṛdya Mahākaṣāya’ of Caraka Samhita?
(a) Āmra
(b) Lakuca
(c) Arjuna
(d) Dāḍima
Answer: (c) Arjuna
Explanation: Hṛdya Mahākaṣāya in Charaka Samhita (Sutra Sthana, Chapter 4) includes Āmra, Lakuca, and Dāḍima for their heart-beneficial properties. Arjuna, though cardiotonic, is not part of this specific group but is listed elsewhere for its Hṛdya action.
74. Combination Known as Vyoṣa
Question: Which one of the following combination of drugs is known as Vyoṣa?
(a) Śunṭhī, Pippalī, and Marica
(b) Pippalī, Pippalīmūla, and Marica
(c) Citraka, Marica, and Cavya
(d) Cavya, Citraka, and Śunṭhī
Answer: (a) Śunṭhī, Pippalī, and Marica
Explanation: Vyoṣa, as per Bhavaprakasha Nighantu, is a combination of Śunṭhī (ginger), Pippalī (long pepper), and Marica (black pepper), known for their Katu Rasa and Deepana-Pachana (digestive) properties. The other combinations are not referred to as Vyoṣa.
75. Asvedanam Mahāvāstu
Question: ‘Asvedanam Mahāvāstu’ is a symptom of:
(a) Carmadala
(b) Eka Kuṣṭha
(c) Alasaka
(d) Vipādika
Answer: (b) Eka Kuṣṭha
Explanation: ‘Asvedanam Mahāvāstu’ (absence of sweating and large lesions) is a symptom of Eka Kuṣṭha, a type of Kuṣṭha (skin disease) in Charaka Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 7), characterized by dry, extensive patches. Carmadala, Alasaka, and Vipādika have different presentations.
76. Vīrya of Vāsā
Question: What is Vīrya of Vāsā?
(a) Uṣṇa
(b) Śīta
(c) Anuṣṇaśīta
(d) Samaśītoṣṇa Answer: (b) Śīta
Explanation: Vāsā (Adhatoda vasica) has Śīta Vīrya (cooling potency), as per Bhavaprakasha Nighantu, making it suitable for Pitta disorders like Raktapitta (bleeding disorders). It is not Uṣṇa or neutral in potency.
77. Doṣa in Manyastambha by Sushruta
Question: According to Suśruta, Manyastambha disease is caused by vitiation of which one of the following doṣa?
(a) Vāta doṣa
(b) Sleṣmāvṛta Vāta doṣa
(c) Pittāvṛta Vāta doṣa
(d) Sānnipātik doṣa Answer: (b) Sleṣmāvṛta Vāta doṣa
Explanation: In Sushruta Samhita (Nidana Sthana, Chapter 1), Manyastambha (neck stiffness) is caused by Sleṣmāvṛta Vāta (Kapha obstructing Vāta), leading to stiffness and pain. Pure Vāta or Pitta involvement is less common, and Sānnipātik involves all three Doṣas.
78. Medhya Rasāyana Drugs in Caraka Samhita
Question: Which of the following four Medhya Rasāyana drugs are described in Caraka Samhita?
(a) Mandūkaparṇī, Yaṣṭimadhu, Guḍūcī, and Śankhapuṣpī
(b) Aindrī, Brāhmī, Guḍūcī, and Aśvagandhā
(c) Balā, Nāgabalā, Mahābalā, and Atibalā
(d) Brāhmī, Śankhapuṣpī, Aśvagandhā, and Śatāvarī Answer: (a) Mandūkaparṇī, Yaṣṭimadhu, Guḍūcī, and Śankhapuṣpī
Explanation: In Charaka Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 1), the four Medhya Rasāyanas are Mandūkaparṇī, Yaṣṭimadhu, Guḍūcī, and Śankhapuṣpī, known for enhancing intellect (Medha). The other options include drugs not listed together as Medhya Rasāyanas in Charaka.
79. Drug Not Suitable for Prolonged Use
Question: Which one of the following is NOT suitable for prolonged use?
(a) Śankhapuṣpī
(b) Pippalī
(c) Aśvagandhā
(d) Balā Answer: (b) Pippalī
Explanation: Pippalī, while beneficial as a Rasayana in specific doses (e.g., Vardhamana Pippalī), is not suitable for prolonged use in large quantities, as per Charaka Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 1), due to its Katu Rasa and Uṣṇa Vīrya, which can aggravate Pitta. Śankhapuṣpī, Aśvagandhā, and Balā are safer for long-term use.
80. Seeds for Water Purification
Question: Seeds of which plant are used to purify water?
(a) Strychnos nuxvomica
(b) Strychnos potatorum
(c) Aconitum plamatum
(d) Aconitum ferox Answer: (b) Strychnos potatorum
Explanation: Strychnos potatorum (Nirmali or Kataka) seeds are traditionally used in Ayurveda to purify water by flocculating impurities, as mentioned in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. Strychnos nuxvomica is toxic, and Aconitum species are not used for this purpose.
81. Meaning of Varā
Question: What does the term Varā stand for?
(a) Āmalakī, Vibhītaka, and Harītakī
(b) Śunṭhī, Pippalī, and Pippalīmūla
(c) Śunṭhī, Pippalī, and Marica
(d) Āmra, Āmrāṭaka, and Lakuca Answer: (a) Āmalakī, Vibhītaka, and Harītakī
Explanation: Varā refers to Triphalā (Āmalakī, Vibhītaka, and Harītakī), a well-known combination in Ayurveda for its Rasayana and Tridoṣa-balancing properties, as per Charaka Samhita (Sutra Sthana, Chapter 4). The other options are different combinations.
82. Medicinal Part of Karkaṭasṛngī
Question: Which part of Karkaṭasṛngī is used for medicinal purpose?
(a) Fruit
(b) Root
(c) Flowers
(d) Galls found on branches of tree Answer: (d) Galls found on branches of tree
Explanation: Karkaṭasṛngī (Pistacia integerrima) uses galls (insect-induced growths on branches) for medicinal purposes, as per Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. These galls are effective in respiratory disorders like cough and asthma.
83. Dehasyāpi Pravakratā
Question: ‘Dehasyāpi Pravakratā’ is a symptom of which one of the following diseases?
(a) Kaṭyāśrita Vāta
(b) Khanja
(c) Vātika Gṛdhrasī
(d) Pāda Kanṭaka Answer: (b) Khanja
Explanation: ‘Dehasyāpi Pravakratā’ (deformity of the body) in Charaka Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 28) refers to Khanja, a Vāta disorder causing lameness or paralysis of one leg, leading to gait abnormalities. Kaṭyāśrita Vāta, Gṛdhrasī, and Pāda Kanṭaka have different symptoms.
84. Best Vayaḥsthāpana Drug
Question: Which one of the following is the best drug having Vayaḥsthāpana action?
(a) Amritā
(b) Aśvagandhā
(c) Āmalaka
(d) Balā
Answer: (c) Āmalaka
Explanation: Āmalaka (Emblica officinalis) is considered the best Vayaḥsthāpana (anti-aging) drug in Charaka Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 1), due to its potent Rasayana, antioxidant, and Tridoṣa-balancing properties. Amritā, Aśvagandhā, and Balā also have Vayaḥsthāpana effects but are less emphasized.
85. Synonym of Vidārigandhā
Question: Vidārigandhā is a synonym of:
(a) Vārāhī
(b) Śālaparnī
(c) Vidārī
(d) Aśvagandhā
Answer: (d) Aśvagandhā
Explanation: Vidārigandhā is a synonym of Aśvagandhā (Withania somnifera), as per Bhavaprakasha Nighantu, due to its root’s smell resembling a horse (Gandhā). Vidārī, Vārāhī, and Śālaparnī are different plants.
86. Sinduvāra Sadṛkpatro
Question: ‘Sinduvāra sadṛkpatro’ characteristic feature is described for:
(a) Nirgunḍī
(b) Vatsanābha
(c) Kalihārī
(d) Dhattūra
Answer: (a) Nirgunḍī
Explanation: ‘Sinduvāra sadṛkpatro’ (leaves resembling Sinduvāra) in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu describes Nirgunḍī (Vitex negundo), as its leaves are similar to Sinduvāra (another name for Nirgunḍī). The other plants have different leaf characteristics.
87. Plant That Is Not a Creeper
Question: Which one of the following is NOT a creeper?
(a) Tinospora cordifolia
(b) Rubia cordifolia
(c) Hibiscus abelmoschus
(d) Argyria speciosa
Answer: (c) Hibiscus abelmoschus
Explanation: Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi), Rubia cordifolia (Manjistha), and Argyria speciosa (Vṛddhadāruka) are creepers (lata). Hibiscus abelmoschus (Kasturi Latakasturi) is a shrub, not a creeper.
88. Rasa of Katuka
Question: Which one of the following is the rasa of Katuka?
(a) Tikta
(b) Kaṭu
(c) Kaṣāya
(d) Amla
Answer: (a) Tikta
Explanation: Katuka (Picrorhiza kurroa) has Tikta Rasa (bitter taste), as per Bhavaprakasha Nighantu, making it effective for Pitta disorders like fever and liver issues. It is not Katu, Kaṣāya, or Amla.
89. Drug in Madhura Skandha of Vimāna Sthāna
Question: Which one of the following is mentioned in Madhura Skandha of Vimāna Sthāna of Caraka Samhita?
(a) Drākṣā
(b) Madhuka
(c) Kāśmarya
(d) Parūṣaka
Answer: (a) Drākṣā
Explanation: In Charaka Samhita (Vimana Sthana, Chapter 8), the Madhura Skandha (group of substances with sweet taste) includes Drākṣā (grapes), which is known for its Madhura Rasa and nourishing properties. Madhuka (licorice) is also Madhura but belongs to specific Mahākaṣāyas like Jīvanīya, while Kāśmarya and Parūṣaka are more associated with other groups like Amla or Kaṣāya Skandha.
90. Vipāka of Śatāvarī
Question: What is the Vipāka of Śatāvarī?
(a) Katu
(b) Amla
(c) Madhura
(d) Tikta Answer: (c) Madhura
Explanation: Śatāvarī (Asparagus racemosus) has a Madhura Vipāka (sweet post-digestive effect), as per Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. Its Madhura Rasa and Śīta Vīrya, combined with Madhura Vipāka, make it nourishing and beneficial for Vāta and Pitta disorders, as well as for its Vṛṣya (aphrodisiac) properties.
90. Vipāka of ŚatāvarīQuestion: What is the Vipāka of Śatāvarī?
(a) Katu
(b) Amla
(c) Madhura
(d) Tikta Answer: (c) Madhura
Explanation: Śatāvarī (Asparagus racemosus) has a Madhura Vipāka (sweet post-digestive effect), as per Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. Its Madhura Rasa and Śīta Vīrya, combined with Madhura Vipāka, make it nourishing and beneficial for Vāta and Pitta disorders, as well as for its Vṛṣya (aphrodisiac) properties.
91. Drugs in Triphalā
Question: Which of the following drugs are included in Triphalā?
- Harītakī
- Bibhītaka
- Āmalakī
- Dantī(a) 1, 2, and 3(b) 1, 2, and 4(c) 1, 3, and 4(d) 2, 3, and 4
Answer: (a) 1, 2, and 3
Explanation: Triphalā, as described in Charaka Samhita (Sutra Sthana, Chapter 4), consists of Harītakī (Terminalia chebula), Bibhītaka (Terminalia bellirica), and Āmalakī (Emblica officinalis). These three drugs are renowned for their Tridoṣa-balancing and Rasayana properties. Dantī (Baliospermum montanum) is a purgative drug and not part of Triphalā.
92. Type of Kuṣṭha in Vicharchikā
Question: Vicharchikā is a type of which Kuṣṭha?
(a) Mahākuṣṭha
(b) Kṣudra Kuṣṭha
(c) Both Mahākuṣṭha and Kṣudra Kuṣṭha
(d) None of the above
Answer: (b) Kṣudra Kuṣṭha
Explanation: Vicharchikā, characterized by itching, oozing, and blackish lesions, is classified as a Kṣudra Kuṣṭha (minor skin disease) in Charaka Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 7). Mahākuṣṭha includes more severe conditions like Kapāla, while Vicharchikā is less extensive and primarily Kapha-dominant.
93. Bhaishajya Kāla for Vāta DisordersQuestion: Which one of the following is the suitable Bhaishajya Kāla for Vāta disorders?
(a) Prātaḥkāla
(b) Madhyāhna
(c) Sāyankāla
(d) Niśi
Answer: (c) Sāyankāla
Explanation: In Charaka Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 1), Sāyankāla (evening) is considered the ideal Bhaishajya Kāla (time of medicine administration) for Vāta disorders, as Vāta is naturally aggravated in the evening and night. Administering medicine at this time helps pacify Vāta effectively.
94. Jvaraghna Drug by Charaka
Question: According to Caraka, which one of the following drugs is Jvaraghna?
(a) Śatāvarī
(b) Vāsā
(c) Pippalī
(d) Mustaka
Answer: (d) Mustaka
Explanation: Mustaka (Cyperus rotundus) is classified as Jvaraghna (fever-reducing) in Charaka Samhita (Sutra Sthana, Chapter 4), as it belongs to the Jvaraghna Mahākaṣāya due to its Tikta Rasa and Pitta-Kapha pacifying properties. Śatāvarī and Pippalī are not primarily Jvaraghna, and Vāsā is more specific for Raktapitta.
94. Jvaraghna Drug by CharakaQuestion: According to Caraka, which one of the following drugs is Jvaraghna?
(a) Śatāvarī
(b) Vāsā
(c) Pippalī
(d) Mustaka Answer: (d) Mustaka
Explanation: Mustaka (Cyperus rotundus) is classified as Jvaraghna (fever-reducing) in Charaka Samhita (Sutra Sthana, Chapter 4), as it belongs to the Jvaraghna Mahākaṣāya due to its Tikta Rasa and Pitta-Kapha pacifying properties. Śatāvarī and Pippalī are not primarily Jvaraghna, and Vāsā is more specific for Raktapitta.
95. Synonym of Kaṭabhī
Question: Kaṭabhī is a synonym of:
(a) Yamānī
(b) Dhānyaka
(c) Jīraka
(d) Mustaka
Answer: (c) Jīraka
Explanation: Kaṭabhī is a synonym of Jīraka (Cuminum cyminum), as per Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. Jīraka is known for its Deepana and Pachana properties. Yamānī (ajwain), Dhānyaka (coriander), and Mustaka (nutgrass) are distinct herbs.
96. Kṣetra of Āmalakī
Question: Kṣetra of Āmalakī is:
(a) Bhūmi
(b) Aṅga
(c) Koṣṭha
(d) Śākhā
Answer: (c) Koṣṭha
Explanation: In Ayurvedic pharmacology, Kṣetra refers to the primary site of action. Āmalakī (Emblica officinalis) primarily acts on the Koṣṭha (digestive system), as per Charaka Samhita, due to its effects on Agni, Ama, and Tridoṣa balance. It is not primarily a Śākhā (extremities) or Aṅga (body parts) drug.
97. Vīrya of Haridrā
Question: What is the Vīrya of Haridrā?
(a) Uṣṇa
(b) Śīta
(c) Anuṣṇaśīta
(d) Samaśītoṣṇa
Answer: (a) Uṣṇa
Explanation: Haridrā (Curcuma longa) has Uṣṇa Vīrya (hot potency), as per Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. Its Tikta and Katu Rasa, along with Uṣṇa Vīrya, make it effective for Kapha disorders, blood purification, and skin conditions like Kuṣṭha.
98. Doṣa NOT Involved in Eka Kuṣṭha
Question: According to Caraka, which one of the following doṣa is NOT involved in Eka Kuṣṭha?
(a) Vāta
(b) Pitta
(c) Kapha
(d) Rakta
Answer: (b) Pitta
Explanation: Eka Kuṣṭha, as per Charaka Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 7), is primarily a Vāta-Kapha disorder, characterized by dryness (Vāta) and thick, scaly lesions (Kapha). Rakta is involved as a Dūṣya (tissue), but Pitta is not a dominant Doṣa in this condition, which lacks the heat and inflammation typical of Pitta.
99. Part Used of Drākṣā
Question: Which part of Drākṣā is used for medicinal purpose?
(a) Leaves
(b) Fruits
(c) Seeds
(d) Stem
Answer: (b) Fruits
Explanation: The fruits of Drākṣā (Vitis vinifera, grapes) are used medicinally in Ayurveda, as per Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. They are Madhura in Rasa, Śīta in Vīrya, and used for their nourishing, cooling, and laxative properties. Seeds are used in modern contexts but not traditionally in Ayurveda.
100. Rasa of Pippalī
Question: Which one of the following is the rasa of Pippalī?
(a) Tikta
(b) Kaṭu
(c) Kaṣāya
(d) Amla
Answer: (b) Kaṭu
Explanation: Pippalī (Piper longum) has Katu Rasa (pungent taste), as per Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. Its Katu Rasa and Uṣṇa Vīrya make it a potent Deepana (appetizer) and Pachana (digestive) drug, beneficial for Kapha and Vāta disorders.
101. Synonym of Kākamācī
Question: Kākamācī is a synonym of:
(a) Śephālikā
(b) Kaṭukī
(c) Kākolī
(d) Kākajanghā
Answer: (d) Kākajanghā
Explanation: Kākamācī (Solanum nigrum) is also known as Kākajanghā, as per Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. It is used for its Tikta Rasa and Kuṣṭhaghna (anti-skin disease) properties. Śephālikā (Nyctanthes), Kaṭukī (Picrorhiza), and Kākolī (Roscoea) are different plants.
102. Type of Karma in Dhūpana
Question: Dhūpana is a type of which Karma?
(a) Laṅghana
(b) Bṛṃhaṇa
(c) Śodhana
(d) Śamana
Answer: (c) Śodhana
Explanation: Dhūpana (fumigation) is a Śodhana (purificatory) Karma in Ayurveda, as per Charaka Samhita (Sutra Sthana, Chapter 5). It is used to cleanse the environment or body of pathogens, especially in pediatric care (Kaumarbhritya) or post-delivery settings, aligning with its role in removing toxins.
103. Use of Pippalī in Postpartum PeriodQuestion: Pippalī is used in postpartum period for:
(a) Deepana
(b) Stanya Śodhana
(c) Garbhāśaya Śodhana
(d) Jvaraghna
Answer: (c) Garbhāśaya Śodhana
Explanation: In Charaka Samhita (Sharira Sthana, Chapter 8), Pippalī is recommended in the postpartum period for Garbhāśaya Śodhana (cleansing of the uterus), as its Katu Rasa and Uṣṇa Vīrya help expel lochia and promote uterine involution. While it is also Deepana, its primary postpartum use is uterine cleansing.
103. Use of Pippalī in Postpartum PeriodQuestion: Pippalī is used in postpartum period for:
(a) Deepana
(b) Stanya Śodhana
(c) Garbhāśaya Śodhana
(d) Jvaraghna
Answer: (c) Garbhāśaya Śodhana
Explanation: In Charaka Samhita (Sharira Sthana, Chapter 8), Pippalī is recommended in the postpartum period for Garbhāśaya Śodhana (cleansing of the uterus), as its Katu Rasa and Uṣṇa Vīrya help expel lochia and promote uterine involution. While it is also Deepana, its primary postpartum use is uterine cleansing.
104. Family of Śallakī
Question: Śallakī belongs to which family?
(a) Leguminosae
(b) Burseraceae
(c) Euphorbiaceae
(d) Rubiaceae
Answer: (b) Burseraceae
Explanation: Śallakī (Boswellia serrata), known for its anti-inflammatory resin (Guggulu-like), belongs to the Burseraceae family. Leguminosae includes pulses, Euphorbiaceae includes Euphorbia, and Rubiaceae includes plants like Manjistha.
105. Kṣudra Kuṣṭha by Charaka
Question: According to Caraka, how many types of Kṣudra Kuṣṭha are there?
(a) 7
(b) 11
(c) 18
(d) 25 Answer: (b) 11
Explanation: In Charaka Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 7), Kuṣṭha is divided into Mahākuṣṭha (7 types) and Kṣudra Kuṣṭha (11 types), totaling 18. Kṣudra Kuṣṭha includes conditions like Vicharchikā and Pāmā, which are less severe than Mahākuṣṭha.
106. Rasa of Elā
Question: What is the rasa of Elā?
(a) Tikta
(b) Kaṭu
(c) Kaṣāya
(d) Amla Answer: (b) Kaṭu
Explanation: Elā (Elettaria cardamomum) has Katu Rasa (pungent taste), as per Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. Its Katu Rasa and Uṣṇa Vīrya make it a Deepana and Ruchya (taste-enhancing) drug, often used in digestive disorders.
107. Drug NOT in Śiro Virecana
Question: Which one of the following drugs is NOT used in Śiro Virecana?
(a) Śuṇṭhī
(b) Marica
(c) Pippalī
(d) Yaṣṭimadhu
Answer: (d) Yaṣṭimadhu
Explanation: Śiro Virecana (nasal errhine therapy) in Charaka Samhita (Sutra Sthana, Chapter 4) uses Katu and Uṣṇa drugs like Śuṇṭhī, Marica, and Pippalī to expel Kapha from the head region. Yaṣṭimadhu (licorice), with its Madhura Rasa and Śīta Vīrya, is not suitable for Śiro Virecana, as it is more nourishing than expulsive.
108. Lakṣaṇa of Vātaja Arśa
Question: Which one of the following is the lakṣaṇa of Vātaja Arśa?
(a) Kaṭhina
(b) Mṛdu
(c) Śukla
(d) Pīta
Answer: (a) Kaṭhina
Explanation: Vātaja Arśa (hemorrhoids due to Vāta) in Charaka Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 14) is characterized by Kaṭhina (hardness) due to Vāta’s Ruksha (dry) quality, along with pain and constipation. Mṛdu (soft) and Śukla/Pīta (white/yellow) are more typical of Kapha or Pitta predominance.
109. Doṣa in Kṣudra Roga Nīlikā
Question: According to Suśruta, which one of the following doṣa is involved in Kṣudra roga ‘Nīlikā’?
(a) Vāta and Kapha
(b) Pitta and Kapha
(c) Vāta and Pitta
(d) Rakta and Pitta Answer: (d) Rakta and Pitta
Explanation: Nīlikā, a Kṣudra Roga in Sushruta Samhita (Nidana Sthana, Chapter 13), is a bluish-black skin lesion caused by Rakta (blood) and Pitta vitiation, leading to discoloration and inflammation. Vāta and Kapha are not primarily involved in this condition.
110. Gandha in Vātaja Jvara
Question: Which one of the following Gandha is seen in Vātaja Jvara?
(a) Viṣaghna
(b) Vāruṇi
(c) Tikta
(d) Mūtraghna
Answer: (c) Tikta
Explanation: In Charaka Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 3), Vātaja Jvara (fever due to Vāta) is associated with a Tikta Gandha (bitter smell) in the body or sweat, reflecting Vāta’s dry and light qualities. Viṣaghna, Vāruṇi, and Mūtraghna are not specific to Vātaja Jvara.
111. Type of Krimi in Krimija Śiroroga
Question: Which type of Krimi is involved in Krimija Śiroroga?
(a) Raktaja
(b) Kaphaja
(c) Purīṣaja
(d) Śleṣmaja
Answer: (a) Raktaja
Explanation: Krimija Śiroroga (head disease due to worms) in Sushruta Samhita (Uttara Tantra, Chapter 25) is caused by Raktaja Krimi (blood-borne worms), as they can migrate to the head, causing symptoms like headache and inflammation. Kaphaja, Purīṣaja, and Śleṣmaja Krimi affect other areas like the gut.
112. Symptom of Kaphaja Prameha
Question: Which one of the following is a symptom of Kaphaja Prameha?
(a) Śukla Mūtratā
(b) Kaṭhina Mūtratā
(c) Uṣṇa Mūtratā
(d) Rakta Mūtratā
Answer: (a) Śukla Mūtratā
Explanation: Kaphaja Prameha in Charaka Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 6) is characterized by Śukla Mūtratā (whitish urine) due to Kapha’s white, turbid nature. Kaṭhina (hard) and Uṣṇa (hot) Mūtratā are more associated with Vāta and Pitta, while Rakta Mūtratā indicates Rakta involvement.
113. Yantra Used in Śalya Tantra
Question: Which one of the following Yantra is used in Śalya Tantra?
(a) Śalākā Yantra
(b) Sandhi Mukta Yantra
(c) Nāḍi Yantra
(d) Tāla Yantra
Answer: (c) Nāḍi Yantra
Explanation: In Sushruta Samhita (Sutra Sthana, Chapter 7), Nāḍi Yantra (tubular instrument) is used in Śalya Tantra for procedures like probing sinuses or fistulas. Śalākā Yantra is for probing, Sandhi Mukta is not a standard Yantra, and Tāla Yantra is used in ENT contexts.
114. Pīḍana as Upakrama
Question: Pīḍana as an Upakrama is used in the treatment of:
(a) Vātarakta
(b) Sandhigata Vāta
(c) Kaphaja Arśa
(d) Vātaja Arśa
Answer: (c) Kaphaja Arśa
Explanation: Pīḍana (pressure application) in Charaka Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 14) is used for Kaphaja Arśa (hemorrhoids due to Kapha), as it helps reduce the soft, swollen piles by applying pressure. Vātarakta and Sandhigata Vāta require Snehana, while Vātaja Arśa needs gentle treatment due to its dryness.
115. Sarpi Guḍa in Śalya Tantra
Question: Sarpi Guḍa is used in Śalya Tantra for the treatment of:
(a) Bhagandara
(b) Arśa
(c) Nāḍi Vraṇa
(d) Vidradhi
Answer: (a) Bhagandara
Explanation: Sarpi Guḍa (a preparation of ghee and jaggery) in Sushruta Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 8) is used for Bhagandara (fistula-in-ano) to promote healing and reduce inflammation after surgical intervention. It is less commonly used for Arśa, Nāḍi Vraṇa, or Vidradhi, which require different treatments like Kshara or incision.
116. Cause of Agantuka Śotha
Question: Which one of the following is the cause of Agantuka Śotha?
(a) Abhighāta
(b) Āhāra
(c) Doṣa Prakopa
(d) Dūṣya
Answer: (a) Abhighāta
Explanation: Agantuka Śotha (exogenous swelling) in Sushruta Samhita (Nidana Sthana, Chapter 11) is caused by Abhighāta (trauma or injury), leading to localized inflammation. Āhāra, Doṣa Prakopa, and Dūṣya are more associated with Nija Śotha (endogenous swelling).
117. Lakṣaṇa of Pittaja Vidradhi
Question: Which one of the following is the lakṣaṇa of Pittaja Vidradhi?
(a) Rakta Varna
(b) Śukla Varna
(c) Kṛṣṇa Varna
(d) Aruṇa Varna
Answer: (a) Rakta Varna
Explanation: Pittaja Vidradhi (abscess due to Pitta) in Sushruta Samhita (Nidana Sthana, Chapter 9) is characterized by Rakta Varna (red color) due to Pitta’s association with heat and blood. Śukla (white) indicates Kapha, Kṛṣṇa (black) may indicate Vāta, and Aruṇa (reddish) is less specific.
118. Yantra for Āścyotana
Question: Which one of the following Yantra is used for Āścyotana?
(a) Śalākā Yantra
(b) Nāḍi Yantra
(c) Tāla Yantra
(d) Sandhi Mukta Yantra
Answer: (b) Nāḍi Yantra
Explanation: Āścyotana (eye drops) in Sushruta Samhita (Uttara Tantra, Chapter 18) uses a Nāḍi Yantra (tubular instrument) to instill medicated liquids into the eye. Śalākā is for probing, Tāla Yantra for ENT, and Sandhi Mukta is not a standard Yantra.
119. Number of Marmas in ŚākhāQuestion: According to Suśruta, what is the number of Marmas located in Śākhā?
(a) 11
(b) 22
(c) 44
(d) 66
Answer: (c) 44
Explanation: In Sushruta Samhita (Sharira Sthana, Chapter 6), the total number of Marmas (vital points) is 107. Of these, 44 are located in the Śākhā (extremities—22 in upper limbs, 22 in lower limbs), such as Kurcha and Tala Hridaya.
120. Treatment of Pittaja Arśa
Question: Which one of the following is the line of treatment of Pittaja Arśa?
(a) Kshāra Karma
(b) Śīta Upacāra
(c) Rakta Mokṣaṇa
(d) Snehana
Answer: (b) Śīta Upacāra
Explanation: Pittaja Arśa (hemorrhoids due to Pitta) in Charaka Samhita (Chikitsa Sthana, Chapter 14) is treated with Śīta Upacāra (cooling measures) to pacify Pitta’s heat, such as cold applications or Śīta drugs. Kshāra Karma is for chronic Arśa, Rakta Mokṣaṇa for Raktaja conditions, and Snehana for Vātaja Arśa.
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