The Harappan Civilization, named after its type-site Harappa, was a Bronze Age civilization contemporaneous with ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt. Spanning modern-day Pakistan, northwest India, and parts of Afghanistan, it covered an estimated area of over 1.5 million square kilometers, making it one of the largest ancient civilizations. Its major sites include Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, Dholavira, Lothal,…