1. Introduction to Babur and the Mughal Empire The Mughal Empire (1526–1857 CE) was one of the most significant dynasties in Indian history, known for its political, cultural, and architectural contributions. Founded by Zahir-ud-Din Muhammad Babur, a descendant of Timur (Tamerlane) and Genghis Khan, the empire marked the beginning of a centralized, culturally syncretic rule…