Tag: economy
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Opening Up of the Indian Economy
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Balance of Payments, Exchange Rates, Types of Currencies, and Management This study material is designed for aspirants preparing for competitive exams like UPSC, banking, or economics-related tests on cracktarget.com. It covers the key topics in a structured, easy-to-understand format with definitions, explanations, examples, tables, and visuals. Focus on understanding concepts, historical context (especially the 1991…
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Inflation: Comprehensive Study Material
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Inflation Introduction to Inflation Inflation refers to a sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over time, which erodes the purchasing power of money. It is typically measured as an annual percentage increase using indices like the Consumer Price Index (CPI). Moderate inflation (around 2-3%) is often seen…
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Monetary Policy: Comprehensive Study Material
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Welcome to CrackTarget.com’s ultimate guide on Monetary Policy. This study material is designed for competitive exams like UPSC, RBI Grade B, Banking exams (IBPS, SBI), SSC, and others where economics plays a key role. We’ve structured it with clear sections, key definitions, instruments, types, and roles of financial institutions. Use the bullet points for quick…
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Detailed Study Materials: Poverty Alleviation and Employment for UPSC EPFO Exam
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1. Types of Poverty Conceptual Framework Poverty refers to the inability to meet basic needs — food, shelter, clothing, healthcare, and education — due to insufficient resources. It is multidimensional, encompassing social exclusion, lack of opportunities, and deprivation of dignity. Poverty alleviation policies aim to break the cycle of deprivation, often linked with employment generation,…
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UPSC EPFO Style Objective Review Questions: Measurement of Growth
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Measurement of Growth in Economics Measurement of growth refers to the ways economists quantify the expansion of an economy’s productive capacity and output over time. Key concepts include the circular flow of income, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), macroeconomic identities, distinctions between growth, welfare, and development, and market structures that influence economic behavior. These elements help…
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Study Materials: Elasticity of Demand
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1. Concept of Elasticity of Demand Overview Elasticity of demand is a measure of how sensitive the quantity demanded of a good or service is to a change in one of its determinants, such as price, income, or the price of related goods. It quantifies the percentage change in quantity demanded relative to a percentage…
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Study Materials: Introduction to Demand and Supply
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1. Microeconomics vs. Macroeconomics Overview Economics is broadly divided into two main branches: microeconomics and macroeconomics. These branches help us analyze economic phenomena at different scales. Demand and supply are core concepts primarily studied in microeconomics, but they have implications for macroeconomic issues like inflation and unemployment. Key Differences Use the table below to compare…
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Study Material on Union Budget 2025-26 of India
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Official Budget Document Published by Govt of India The Union Budget 2025-26, presented by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on February 1, 2025, serves as the annual financial statement of the Government of India, outlining estimated receipts and expenditures for the fiscal year April 1, 2025, to March 31, 2026. This budget emphasizes inclusive development under…
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Detailed Explanation on LRR, CRR, SLR, CDR for UPSC, BPSC, RBI, NABARD, and IES Aspirants
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(B) Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) (C) Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) (D) Credit Deposit Ratio Tabular Comparison of LRR, SLR, CRR, and Deposit Ratio Parameter Legal Reserve Ratio (LRR) Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) Deposit Ratio (C-D Ratio) Definition Total reserves (CRR + SLR) a bank must hold against NDTL. Percentage of NDTL…
