1. Internet of Things
2. Edge Computing
3. Network Slicing Options: (A) Only 1 and 2
   (B) Only 2 and 3
   (C) Only 1 and 3
   (D) 1, 2, and 3
   Correct Answer: (D) 1, 2, and 3

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Question Analysis

• Subject: Science and Technology
• Topic: 5G Mobile Communication Networks
• Difficulty Level: Moderate (requires understanding of 5G technology and its applications)
• Context: The question tests candidates’ knowledge of the advanced features and capabilities of 5G networks, a key topic in modern technology relevant to competitive exams like BPSC, which often include questions on emerging technologies and their applications.

Key Points of the Question

1. 5G Mobile Communication Networks:
   • 5G is the fifth-generation mobile network technology, succeeding 4G.
   • It offers higher speeds (up to 10 Gbps), lower latency (as low as 1 millisecond), greater capacity for connected devices, and improved reliability compared to previous generations.
   • 5G is designed to support a wide range of applications, from enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) to mission-critical communications and massive machine-type communications (mMTC).
2. Technologies Enabled by 5G:
   • The question lists three specific technologies—Internet of Things (IoT), Edge Computing, and Network Slicing—and asks which of these are enabled by 5G.
   • “Enabled” implies that 5G provides the necessary infrastructure, speed, or features to make these technologies feasible or significantly enhanced.
3. Option Analysis:
   • Internet of Things (IoT):
     • IoT refers to the network of interconnected devices (e.g., smart appliances, sensors, vehicles) that communicate and exchange data.
     • 5G enables IoT through its massive machine-type communications (mMTC) capability, which supports a high density of connected devices (up to 1 million devices per square kilometer).
     • Low latency and energy-efficient communication in 5G make it ideal for IoT applications like smart cities, industrial automation, and healthcare monitoring.
   • Edge Computing:
     • Edge Computing involves processing data closer to the source (e.g., at the network edge) rather than in centralized cloud servers, reducing latency and bandwidth usage.
     • 5G enables Edge Computing by providing ultra-low latency (1–5 ms) and high-speed data transfer, allowing real-time data processing for applications like autonomous vehicles, augmented reality (AR), and smart grids.
     • Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) is a key feature of 5G networks, integrating computing resources at the network edge.
   • Network Slicing:
     • Network Slicing is a 5G-specific technology that allows the creation of multiple virtual networks on a single physical 5G infrastructure.
     • Each “slice” can be customized for specific use cases (e.g., one slice for IoT with low bandwidth, another for autonomous vehicles with ultra-low latency).
     • Network Slicing is enabled by 5G’s software-defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV), which provide flexibility and scalability.
4. Why All Three Are Correct:
   
   • 5G’s architecture and capabilities directly support IoT, Edge Computing, and Network Slicing:
     • IoT: Enabled by 5G’s ability to handle massive device connectivity and low-power requirements.
     • Edge Computing: Supported by 5G’s low latency and high bandwidth, facilitating real-time data processing at the edge.
     • Network Slicing: A core feature of 5G, allowing tailored network configurations for diverse applications.
   • Thus, all three technologies are enabled by 5G, making option (D) the correct choice.
     
5. Common Misconceptions:
   • Some candidates might assume Edge Computing is independent of 5G, but 5G’s low latency and high-speed infrastructure significantly enhance Edge Computing capabilities.
   • Network Slicing might be unfamiliar to candidates without a deep understanding of 5G, leading to incorrect selections like (A) or (C).
   • The question requires candidates to recognize that all three technologies are integral to 5G’s ecosystem, not just one or two.

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Answer Explanation

• Correct Answer: (D) 1, 2, and 3
• Reason: 5G mobile communication networks provide the technological foundation for:
  • Internet of Things (IoT): By supporting massive device connectivity and low-power communication.
  • Edge Computing: Through ultra-low latency and high-speed data transfer for real-time processing.
  • Network Slicing: By enabling virtualized, customized network segments for specific applications.
• This question highlights the importance of understanding 5G’s role in modern technology, a frequent topic in competitive exams like BPSC due to its relevance to digital infrastructure and economic development.

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Most Probable 5 Similar Questions (Moderate to Hard Level)

1. Question: Which of the following features of 5G networks directly supports the implementation of autonomous vehicles?
   • A) High latency
   • B) Ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC)
   • C) Limited device connectivity
   • D) Low bandwidth
   • Answer: B) Ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC)
   • Difficulty: Moderate
   • Explanation: URLLC is a 5G feature that provides ultra-low latency (1–5 ms) and high reliability, critical for real-time communication in autonomous vehicles to ensure safety and responsiveness. Other options (high latency, limited connectivity, low bandwidth) are contrary to 5G’s capabilities.
2. Question: How does 5G’s Network Slicing technology benefit the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem?
   • A) By reducing the number of connected devices
   • B) By creating dedicated virtual networks for specific IoT applications
   • C) By increasing latency for IoT devices
   • D) By limiting data transfer speeds
   • Answer: B) By creating dedicated virtual networks for specific IoT applications
   • Difficulty: Hard
   • Explanation: Network Slicing allows 5G to create virtual networks tailored for IoT applications (e.g., low-power sensors vs. high-bandwidth smart city systems), optimizing performance and efficiency. Other options are incorrect as they oppose 5G’s benefits.
3. Question: Which of the following applications is most likely to benefit from 5G’s Edge Computing capabilities?
   • A) Basic text messaging
   • B) Augmented reality (AR) gaming
   • C) Offline data storage
   • D) Traditional voice calls
   • Answer: B) Augmented reality (AR) gaming
   • Difficulty: Moderate
   • Explanation: AR gaming requires real-time data processing and low latency, which 5G’s Edge Computing enables by processing data closer to the user. Other applications like text messaging or voice calls do not require such advanced processing.
4. Question: Which of the following is a key enabler of 5G’s ability to support massive machine-type communications (mMTC) for IoT?
   • A) High latency
   • B) Increased spectrum efficiency
   • C) Reduced device density
   • D) Limited network virtualization
   • Answer: B) Increased spectrum efficiency
   • Difficulty: Hard
   • Explanation: 5G’s mMTC supports IoT by using advanced spectrum efficiency (e.g., through millimeter waves and massive MIMO), allowing millions of devices to connect per square kilometer. Other options are incorrect as they hinder IoT scalability.
5. Question: Which of the following technologies is NOT directly associated with 5G networks?
   • A) Network Function Virtualization (NFV)
   • B) Software-Defined Networking (SDN)
   • C) Blockchain
   • D) Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC)
   • Answer: C) Blockchain
   • Difficulty: Hard
   • Explanation: NFV, SDN, and MEC are integral to 5G’s architecture, enabling Network Slicing and Edge Computing. Blockchain, while used in some IoT applications, is not a core 5G technology, making it the correct choice for exclusion.

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Importance of Following BPSC Section on Crack Target

Following the BPSC section on platforms like Crack Target (or similar educational resources) is essential for aspirants preparing for the Bihar Public Service Commission (BPSC) exams, particularly for questions like the one on 5G technologies, for the following reasons:

1. Focus on Emerging Technologies:
   • The BPSC syllabus includes Science and Technology as a key component, with a focus on modern advancements like 5G, AI, and IoT. Crack Target provides updated notes and explanations on such topics, ensuring candidates are well-prepared for questions like the one above.
2. Detailed Study Material:
   • Platforms like Crack Target break down complex topics like 5G’s features (e.g., Network Slicing, Edge Computing) into concise, exam-oriented content, making it easier to understand and retain key points for both Prelims and Mains.
3. Practice with Relevant Questions:
   • Crack Target offers mock tests and practice questions that mirror the BPSC exam pattern, including moderate-to-hard questions on technology, as seen in the 69th BPSC Prelims. The similar questions provided above align with the type of content available on such platforms.
4. Current Affairs Integration:
   • 5G and its applications are frequently in the news due to India’s push for digital infrastructure (e.g., 5G rollout by 2023–24). Crack Target provides current affairs updates linking technologies to their societal and economic impacts, which is crucial for BPSC’s General Studies papers.
5. Bihar-Specific Relevance:
   • BPSC exams often include questions on technologies impacting Bihar’s development, such as smart cities or digital governance, where 5G plays a role. Crack Target emphasizes such region-specific applications, enhancing candidates’ ability to answer contextually relevant questions.
6. Time Management and Exam Strategy:
   • The 69th BPSC Prelims had 150 questions to be solved in 2 hours with negative marking (1/3rd marks per wrong answer). Crack Target’s timed mock tests help candidates practice questions like the 5G technology one, improving speed and accuracy under pressure.
7. Expert Guidance and Doubt Resolution:
   • Platforms like Crack Target offer expert-led discussions and doubt-clearing sessions, which are vital for understanding technical topics like 5G’s role in IoT or Network Slicing, ensuring candidates can tackle tricky questions confidently.
8. Comprehensive Preparation for Mains:
   • For BPSC Mains, where descriptive answers are required, Crack Target provides model answers and key points (e.g., applications of 5G in governance or industry), helping candidates articulate detailed responses on technology-related topics.

By leveraging resources like Crack Target, candidates can stay updated on dynamic topics like 5G, practice relevant questions, and develop a strategic approach to tackle the BPSC exam’s diverse and challenging question patterns, ultimately improving their chances of success.

Visit Dedicated Section for BPSC for more.