Overview
On 2 June 2025, India showcased its global and domestic leadership through pivotal developments. The IATA’s 81st AGM in New Delhi highlighted India’s aviation ambitions, while MeitY’s AI report projected a need for 1 million AI professionals by 2026. The SPMEPCI scheme and ICRISAT-RIS’s ISSCA underscored India’s focus on EV manufacturing and agricultural innovation. Internationally, Germany overtook Japan as the top creditor nation, and Nicaragua’s WTO fisheries agreement advanced global sustainability. Economic updates from OECD, Nomura, and RBI, alongside Himachal Pradesh’s green initiatives, provide critical insights for exam aspirants.
National Affairs
1. IATA 81st Annual General Meeting & World Air Transport Summit 2025
From 1–3 June 2025, the International Air Transport Association (IATA) held its 81st Annual General Meeting (AGM) and World Air Transport Summit (WATS) at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, hosted by IndiGo. Inaugurated by PM Narendra Modi and chaired by Pieter Elbers, IndiGo CEO and IATA Board Chair, the event saw Modi unveil Aviation Vision 2047, targeting 350 airports by 2047 and 50 new airports by 2030 under Viksit Bharat. Luis Gallego, CEO of International Airlines Group, was appointed IATA’s 83rd Board Chair, succeeding Elbers. The summit emphasized India’s role in global aviation, with 300 million annual passengers projected by 2030.
- Significance: Critical for UPSC’s infrastructure and economy sections, reflecting India’s aviation policy.
- Key Figures: IATA DG: Willie Walsh; IndiGo HQ: Gurugram, Haryana.
- Source: Provided Input, The Hindu (2 June 2025)
2. MeitY Report: India Needs 1 Million AI Professionals by 2026
In June 2025, the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) released ‘India’s AI Revolution: A Roadmap to Viksit Bharat’, projecting a need for 1 million AI professionals by 2026 to drive India’s digital transformation and achieve a $23–35 trillion economy by 2047. The AICTE reported a 16% rise in B.Tech seats to 14.9 lakh for 2024–25. The IndiaAI Dataset Platform provides access to non-personal datasets, fostering AI innovation.
- Significance: Key for UPSC’s science & technology and SSC’s general awareness sections.
- Key Figures: MeitY Minister: Ashwini Vaishnaw; MoS: Jitin Prasada.
- Source: Provided Input, Indian Express (June 2025)
3. MHI Notifies Guidelines for SPMEPCI Scheme for EV Manufacturing
In June 2025, the Ministry of Heavy Industries (MHI) issued guidelines for the Scheme to Promote Manufacturing of Electric Passenger Cars in India (SPMEPCI), announced in March 2024, to attract ₹4,150 crore global EV investments. Approved manufacturers can import 8,000 electric 4-wheelers annually (CIF value ≥ $35,000) at a 15% customs duty for 5 years, supporting India’s net-zero emissions goal by 2070.
- Significance: Vital for UPSC’s economy and environment sections, and Banking’s policy awareness.
- Key Ministry: MHI (Union Minister: H.D. Kumaraswamy).
- Source: Provided Input, Mint (June 2025)
4. Union Minister Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya Inaugurates Urban Adda 2025
On 3 June 2025, Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya, Union Minister for Labour & Employment and Youth Affairs & Sports, inaugurated Urban Adda 2025 (3–5 June) at India Habitat Centre, New Delhi, organized by Raahgiri Foundation with ICCT, GuruJal, and Nagarro SE. The conclave featured sessions on climate-resilient cities, a Youth Adda, a Cyclothon on World Bicycle Day, and the Urban Adda Film Festival. Mandaviya launched two books: Cycling, Children & Cities and Road to Cycle2School by Dr. Bhairavi Joshi.
- Significance: Relevant for UPSC’s urban development and environment sections.
- Key Figures: Delhi CM: Rekha Gupta; ICCT HQ: Washington, D.C.
- Source: Provided Input, The Hindu (3 June 2025)
5. ICRISAT & RIS Launch ISSCA for Agricultural Transformation
In June 2025, ICRISAT (Hyderabad) and RIS (New Delhi), under the MEA, launched the ICRISAT Centre of Excellence for South-South Cooperation in Agriculture (ISSCA) during a conference in New Delhi. Supported by MoA&FW, ICAR, IRRI, ICARDA, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, ISSCA promotes agricultural innovation via a digital platform for peer-to-peer learning. ICRISAT signed an MoU with DAKSHIN to enhance South-South cooperation.
- Significance: Key for UPSC’s agriculture and international relations sections, and BPSC’s rural development.
- Key Figures: ICRISAT DG: Dr. Himanshu Pathak; RIS DG: Sachin Chaturvedi.
- Source: Provided Input, Indian Express (June 2025)
International Affairs
6. Germany Overtakes Japan as World’s Largest Creditor Nation in 2024
In May 2025, Japan’s Ministry of Finance reported that Germany surpassed Japan as the world’s largest creditor nation in 2024, with Net External Assets (NEA) of JPY 569.7 trillion ($3.98 trillion) compared to Japan’s JPY 533.05 trillion ($3.73 trillion). The shift, first since 1991, was driven by a 5% euro-to-yen appreciation. China ranked third with JPY 516.28 trillion.
- Significance: Critical for UPSC’s international economy and SSC’s global awareness.
- Key Figures: Germany President: Frank-Walter Steinmeier; Capital: Berlin.
- Source: Provided Input, The Hindu (May 2025)
7. Nicaragua Becomes 101st WTO Member to Accept Fisheries Subsidies Agreement
On 2 June 2025, Nicaragua became the 101st WTO member to accept the Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies, adopted at WTO’s 12th Ministerial Conference (2022), by submitting its instrument to WTO DG Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala in Geneva. The agreement, needing 111 ratifications to take effect, bans subsidies for illegal fishing, advancing SDG 14.
- Significance: Relevant for UPSC’s international organizations and environment sections.
- Key Figures: Nicaragua President: José Daniel Ortega; WTO HQ: Geneva.
- Source: Provided Input, Mint (2 June 2025)
8. Bangladesh Unveils New Currency Notes Without Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
In June 2025, Bangladesh Bank introduced new Taka 20, 50, and 1000 notes, excluding Sheikh Mujibur Rahman’s portrait for the first time since 1971, featuring cultural landmarks like Kantajew Temple (Tk 20), Ahsan Manzil (Tk 50), and National Martyr’s Memorial (Tk 1000). Existing notes remain valid.
- Significance: Key for UPSC’s international relations and SSC’s general awareness.
- Key Agency: Bangladesh Bank (HQ: Dhaka; Governor: Ahsan H. Mansur).
- Source: Provided Input, Indian Express (June 2025)
Banking & Finance
9. RBI Reports Bank Deposit Growth Slows to 10.6% in FY25
In June 2025, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) reported a 10.6% YoY bank deposit growth in FY25, down from 13% in FY24, with Term Deposits at 59.5% (72.7% offering ≥7% interest). Savings Deposits dropped to 29.1%, and households contributed 60.2%, with 20.7% from female depositors. Metropolitan areas led growth at 11.7%.
- Significance: Essential for Banking’s financial awareness and UPSC’s economy sections.
- Key Figures: RBI Governor: Sanjay Malhotra; HQ: Mumbai.
- Source: Provided Input, The Hindu BusinessLine (June 2025)
10. Indian Bank Launches NRE Savings Accounts and Premium Debit Cards for NRIs
In June 2025, Indian Bank introduced Non-Resident External (NRE) Savings Accounts and premium debit cards (IND D’Elite, IND Premium, IND Plus) for NRIs, launched by MD & CEO Binod Kumar. Features include airport lounge access, accident cover, and loyalty rewards, enhancing NRI banking.
- Significance: Relevant for Banking’s financial products and SSC’s economic awareness.
- Key Figures: Indian Bank HQ: Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
- Source: Provided Input, Mint (June 2025)
Economy & Business
11. OECD Projects India’s GDP Growth at 6.3% for FY26
In June 2025, the OECD’s Economic Outlook 2025 projected India’s GDP growth at 6.3% for FY26 (down 0.1% from March) and 6.4% for FY27, driven by private consumption, tax relief, and public capex. Inflation is expected at 4.1% (FY26) and 4.0% (FY27), retaining India’s status as the fastest-growing G20 economy.
- Significance: Critical for UPSC’s economy and Banking’s macroeconomic sections.
- Key Figures: OECD SG: Mathias Cormann; HQ: Paris, France.
- Source: Provided Input, The Hindu (June 2025)
12. Nomura Forecasts India’s GDP Growth at 6.2% for FY26
In June 2025, Nomura projected India’s GDP growth at 6.2% for FY26, citing divergences in GST collections versus auto sales and credit growth. It raised its Nifty target to 26,140 points and favored domestic-focused sectors amid global uncertainties.
- Significance: Key for UPSC’s economy and Banking’s financial market sections.
- Key Figures: Nomura CEO: Kentaro Okuda; HQ: Tokyo, Japan.
- Source: Provided Input, Mint (June 2025)
13. IndiGo Signs MoU with Delta, Air France-KLM, and Virgin Atlantic
On 1 June 2025, IndiGo signed an MoU with Delta Airlines, Air France-KLM, and Virgin Atlantic during the IATA AGM in New Delhi to enhance connectivity between India, Europe, and North America. The partnership integrates IndiGo’s domestic network with international routes, boosting loyalty programs and cargo operations.
- Significance: Relevant for UPSC’s infrastructure and international trade sections.
- Key Figures: IndiGo CEO: Pieter Elbers; Delta HQ: Georgia, USA.
- Source: Provided Input, The Hindu (2 June 2025)
Appointments & Resignations
14. Lee Jae-myung Elected President of South Korea
On 4 June 2025, Lee Jae-myung of the Democratic Party of Korea was elected South Korea’s 14th President, securing 49.42% votes in a snap election following Yoon Suk Yeol’s impeachment. With a 79.38% voter turnout, Lee, a former human rights lawyer and Gyeonggi Governor, assumes office amid political stabilization efforts.
- Significance: Key for UPSC’s international relations and SSC’s global awareness.
- Key Figures: Capital: Seoul; Currency: South Korean Won.
- Source: Provided Input, Indian Express (4 June 2025)
15. ACC Extends Swarup Kumar Saha’s Tenure as Punjab & Sind Bank MD & CEO
In May 2025, the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet (ACC), chaired by PM Narendra Modi, extended Swarup Kumar Saha’s tenure as MD & CEO of Punjab & Sind Bank until February 2027, beyond his initial term ending June 2025, under the Banking Companies Act, 1980.
- Significance: Relevant for Banking’s governance and SSC’s current affairs.
- Key Figures: PSB HQ: New Delhi; DFS Ministry: Finance.
- Source: Provided Input, The Hindu (May 2025)
16. Deutsche Bank Appoints Stefan Schaffer as CEO of Deutsche India
In June 2025, Deutsche Bank appointed Stefan Schaffer as CEO of Deutsche India, succeeding Dilipkumar Khandelwal. Schaffer, also Global CIO for Corporate Functions, will lead India’s Global Capability Centre across Mumbai, Pune, Bengaluru, and Jaipur.
- Significance: Key for Banking’s corporate governance and UPSC’s economy sections.
- Key Figures: Deutsche Bank HQ: Frankfurt, Germany.
- Source: Provided Input, Mint (June 2025)
Environment
17. New Frog Species ‘Amolops shillong’ Discovered in Meghalaya
In May 2025, the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) discovered a new frog species, Amolops shillong (Shillong Cascade Frog), in Shillong, Meghalaya, at 4,990 feet. Documented in the ZSI journal, it belongs to the Amolops indoburmanensis complex, differing in size and texture, and inhabits urban streams.
- Significance: Vital for UPSC’s biodiversity and SSC’s environmental awareness.
- Key Figures: ZSI HQ: Kolkata, West Bengal.
- Source: Provided Input, Indian Express (May 2025)
Important Days
18. International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression – 4 June 2025
The UN’s International Day of Innocent Children Victims of Aggression, observed on 4 June 2025, raises awareness about children affected by conflict, initiated after the 1982 Lebanon War. Adopted by UNGA Resolution A/RES/ES-7/8 in 1982, it advocates for child rights globally, marking its 43rd observance.
- Significance: Key for UPSC’s international relations and SSC’s general awareness.
- Key Figures: UN HQ: New York, USA.
- Source: Provided Input, The Hindu (4 June 2025)
State News
19. Himachal Pradesh CM Launches Van Samvardhan Yojana & Green Adoption Scheme
On 2 June 2025, Himachal Pradesh CM Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu launched the Rajiv Gandhi Van Samvardhan Yojana (RGVSY) and Green Adoption Scheme in Hamirpur to enhance green cover. RGVSY engages Mahila Mandals for plantation, while the Green Adoption Scheme involves corporates like Ambuja Group for afforestation on 45 hectares. A souvenir, Samvaad, was released for Van Mitras.
- Significance: Critical for UPSC’s environment and BPSC’s state-specific sections.
- Key Figures: HP Governor: Shiv Pratap Shukla; Capital: Shimla.
- Source: Provided Input, Indian Express (2 June 2025)
Exam Relevance
These updates are high-yield for competitive exams:
- UPSC: IATA’s AGM, MeitY’s AI report, SPMEPCI, and ISSCA align with GS-3 (Economy, Science, Agriculture) and GS-2 (Governance, IR). Germany’s creditor status, WTO fisheries, and Lee Jae-myung’s election cover GS-2 (IR). Amolops shillong and Himachal’s schemes are key for GS-3 (Environment).
- BPSC: Himachal’s green initiatives and agricultural ISSCA are relevant for state-specific and rural development questions.
- SSC: RBI’s deposit data, Indian Bank’s NRE products, OECD/Nomura forecasts, and Amolops shillong cover General Awareness, Economy, and Environment.
- Banking: RBI’s deposit growth, Indian Bank’s NRE offerings, SPMEPCI’s financial incentives, and Deutsche Bank’s appointment are critical for financial awareness and policy sections.
Recent exams (e.g., UPSC Prelims 2024, BPSC 2023, IBPS PO 2024) tested similar topics like economic indicators, environmental policies, and international organizations, making these updates essential for 2025 aspirants.
MCQs with Answers
- How many airports does India aim to have by 2047 per Aviation Vision 2047?
- A) 300
- B) 350
- C) 400
- D) 450
- Answer: B) 350
- How many AI professionals does MeitY project India needs by 2026?
- A) 500,000
- B) 750,000
- C) 1,000,000
- D) 1,500,000
- Answer: C) 1,000,000
- What is the minimum investment required under the SPMEPCI scheme?
- A) ₹3,000 crore
- B) ₹4,150 crore
- C) ₹5,000 crore
- D) ₹6,000 crore
- Answer: B) ₹4,150 crore
- Which organization co-organized Urban Adda 2025 with Raahgiri Foundation?
- A) UNDP
- B) ICCT
- C) WHO
- D) ADB
- Answer: B) ICCT
- Where is the ICRISAT Centre of Excellence for South-South Cooperation located?
- A) New Delhi
- B) Hyderabad
- C) Bengaluru
- D) Mumbai
- Answer: B) Hyderabad
- Which country overtook Japan as the world’s largest creditor nation in 2024?
- A) China
- B) Germany
- C) USA
- D) Norway
- Answer: B) Germany
- How many WTO members have ratified the Fisheries Subsidies Agreement as of 2 June 2025?
- A) 101
- B) 111
- C) 121
- D) 131
- Answer: A) 101
- What was India’s bank deposit growth rate in FY25 per RBI data?
- A) 9.5%
- B) 10.6%
- C) 11.7%
- D) 13.0%
- Answer: B) 10.6%
- Who was elected South Korea’s 14th President on 4 June 2025?
- A) Yoon Suk Yeol
- B) Lee Jae-myung
- C) Kim Moon-soo
- D) Park Geun-hye
- Answer: B) Lee Jae-myung
- What is the name of the new frog species discovered in Meghalaya?
- A) Amolops siju
- B) Amolops shillong
- C) Amolops indoburmanensis
- D) Amolops meghalaya
- Answer: B) Amolops shillong
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