Welcome to CrackTarget.com’s Daily Current Affairs for 3rd June 2025! Stay updated with the latest national and international events to ace your competitive exams like UPSC, SSC, Banking, NDA, CDS, and more. Our curated updates provide concise, exam-focused insights to boost your General Knowledge and help you stay ahead. Let’s dive into today’s top headlines!
National Affairs
- PM Modi’s Visit to Madhya Pradesh: On May 31, 2025, Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Madhya Pradesh to mark the 300th birth anniversary of Queen Ahilyabai Holkar. He inaugurated the Indore Metro’s Super Priority Corridor, making Indore the 16th city in India with metro rail. Additionally, he launched airports in Datia and Satna, laid the foundation for ghats along the Shilpa River, and released a commemorative Rs.300 coin and postage stamp.
- NSO Economic Data: The National Statistics Office (MoSPI) reported a 6.5% real GDP growth for FY25 and 7.4% for Q4 FY25, driven by industrial sectors like manufacturing (+4.8%) and construction (+10.8%). Nominal GDP for Q4 FY25 reached Rs.88.18 lakh crore.
- Digital Divide in Rural India: NSO’s Comprehensive Modular Survey – Telecom, 2025, revealed that 51.6% of rural women aged 15+ do not own a mobile phone, while 85.5% of households have smartphone access.
- DHRUVA Policy Launched: The Department of Posts introduced the DHRUVA policy, a national digital address system to enhance location identification through a geo-coded, interoperable platform.
- UMEED Portal Launch: The Ministry of Minority Affairs will launch the UMEED Portal on June 6, 2025, to digitize Waqf property registration, ensuring transparency and efficiency under the Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025.
- MGNREGS Budget Hike: The government proposed a 12% increase in the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme budget to strengthen rural employment.
International Affairs
- India-Japan Maritime Collaboration: High-level talks focused on deepening maritime cooperation, including port digitization, shipbuilding, and employment of Indian seafarers. Japan’s Imabari Shipbuilding plans a greenfield project in Andhra Pradesh.
- Malaysia & UAE Lead UN-Habitat: Malaysia and the UAE were elected to co-lead the UN-Habitat General Assembly for 2025-29, with Malaysia’s Housing Minister Nga Kor Ming as president.
- Nomadic Elephant 2025: The 17th India-Mongolia joint military exercise began in Ulaanbaatar (May 31–June 13, 2025), focusing on counter-insurgency and cyber warfare.
- Ukraine’s Drone Attack: On June 1, 2025, Ukraine launched its largest drone attack, targeting Russian military airbases, damaging over 40 aircraft.
- IATA AGM in New Delhi: The International Air Transport Association’s 81st Annual General Meeting and World Air Transport Summit will be held in New Delhi (June 1–3, 2025), hosted by IndiGo, with PM Modi delivering the keynote address.
Banking & Finance
- RBI’s Climate Risk Platform: The Reserve Bank of India launched the Climate Risk Information System (RBI-CRIS) to address climate-related financial risks, offering a public web directory and restricted-access portal for financial institutions.
- SBI’s Economic Projections: SBI’s Ecowrap report noted a 7.4% GDP growth for Q4 FY25 and projected 6.3-6.5% for FY26, driven by a 12.7% rise in net indirect taxes.
- UPI API Guidelines: RBI and NPCI set new guidelines effective June 16, 2025, limiting “check transaction status” APIs to three within two hours to enhance system reliability.
Economy & Business
- SBI-KDEM MoU: State Bank of India signed an MoU with Karnataka Digital Economy Mission to support Global Capability Centres (GCCs) in Karnataka, boosting the state’s tech ecosystem.
- Fiscal Deficit Target Met: India achieved a FY25 fiscal deficit of 4.77% of GDP (Rs.15.77 lakh crore), aligning with revised estimates, as per CGA data.
- Microsoft-Yotta AI Partnership: Microsoft and Yotta Data Services partnered to integrate Azure AI with Shakti Cloud, supporting the Rs.10,372 crore IndiaAI Mission for AI innovation.
- Viksit Krishi Sankalp Abhiyan: This nationwide agricultural campaign, running until June 12, 2025, aims to empower 1.3 crore farmers with advanced tools and knowledge.
Appointments & Resignations
- Banking Leadership: FSIB recommended Asheesh Pandey as MD & CEO of Union Bank of India and Kalyan Kumar for Central Bank of India, pending ACC approval.
- Brand Ambassadors: Shubman Gill (Oakley), Shraddha Kapoor (Eureka Forbes), and Dushyanth Sridhar (Ramraj Cotton) were appointed in May 2025.
- AfDB Presidency: Sidi Ould Tah was elected president of the African Development Bank for a 5-year term starting September 1, 2025.
- Telangana Grameena Bank: K. Prathapa Reddy was appointed chairman for three years, succeeding Y. Sobha.
Obituaries
- H.S. Venkatesha Murthy: Renowned Kannada poet and playwright passed away on May 30, 2025, at 81 in Bengaluru due to age-related ailments.
- Sunjoy Monga: Veteran naturalist and ‘BirdMan’ passed away on May 28, 2025, at 63 in Mumbai after battling blood cancer.
Important Days
- World Milk Day (June 1, 2025): Celebrated with the theme “Let’s Celebrate the Power of Dairy,” highlighting milk’s nutritional and economic significance.
- Global Day of Parents (June 1, 2025): Observed with the theme “Raising Parents,” emphasizing support for caregivers.
- International Sex Workers’ Day (June 2, 2025): Marked its 50th anniversary, advocating for sex workers’ rights and access to justice.
State News
- Kumram Bheem Conservation Reserve: Telangana notified a 1,492.88 sq km tiger corridor in Kawal as a conservation reserve to enhance wildlife protection.
- Assam Floods: Assam reported 11 fatalities due to floods and landslides, with CM Himanta Biswa Sarma addressing inter-state border disputes and flood management.
Sports
- Ulaanbaatar Open 2025: Indian wrestlers won 12 medals (5 gold, 3 silver, 4 bronze) at the United World Wrestling Ranking Series in Mongolia, with Antim Panghal and Neha Sangwan among the gold medalists.
Science & Technology
- BharatGen AI Model: Launched at the BharatGen Summit 2025, this multimodal Large Language Model supports 22 Indian languages, developed by IIT Bombay under the National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems.
Quiz Time
Test your knowledge with these MCQs:
- Which city became India’s 16th metro rail city on May 31, 2025?
[A] Bhopal [B] Indore [C] Gwalior [D] Jabalpur
Answer: B - What is the theme of World Milk Day 2025?
[A] Dairy for All [B] Let’s Celebrate the Power of Dairy [C] Milk and Health [D] Sustainable Dairy
Answer: B - Who was elected president of the African Development Bank in May 2025?
[A] Akinwumi Adesina [B] Sidi Ould Tah [C] Nga Kor Ming [D] K. Prathapa Reddy
Answer: B
Five descriptive questions aligned with the UPSC and BPSC Mains examinations, focusing on the current affairs of 3rd June 2025.
Question 1: Discuss the significance of the DHRUVA policy launched by the Department of Posts in May 2025. How does it contribute to India’s Digital Public Infrastructure, and what are its potential impacts on governance and socio-economic development?
Answer:
Introduction:
In May 2025, the Department of Posts (DoP), under the Ministry of Communications, introduced the DHRUVA (Digital Hub for Reference and Unique Virtual Address) policy, a landmark initiative to establish a standardized, interoperable, and geo-coded digital addressing system across India. Building on the Digital Postal Index Number (DIGIPIN), DHRUVA aims to revolutionize location identification, aligning with India’s broader Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) framework.
Significance of DHRUVA Policy:
- Standardized Addressing System: DHRUVA promotes a unified digital addressing framework, replacing inconsistent and fragmented physical address systems. By integrating geo-coded data, it ensures precise location identification, which is critical for urban planning, disaster management, and service delivery.
- Address-as-a-Service (AaaS): The policy introduces AaaS, enabling seamless interaction among citizens, government bodies, and private sectors. This enhances accessibility to services like e-commerce, banking, and emergency response.
- Collaboration with Advanced Institutions: Developed with IIT Hyderabad and ISRO’s National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC), DHRUVA leverages cutting-edge technology, ensuring scalability and reliability.
- Key Features:
- Privacy and Security: User consent is prioritized, ensuring data protection.
- Interoperability: The system integrates with existing platforms, fostering collaboration across sectors.
- Scalability and Transparency: DHRUVA supports nationwide adoption with clear governance structures.
- Innovation-Friendly: It encourages new services, such as location-based analytics for businesses and governments.
Contribution to Digital Public Infrastructure:
DHRUVA strengthens India’s DPI ecosystem, which includes platforms like Aadhaar, UPI, and DigiLocker. By providing a standardized digital address framework, it complements these systems, enabling:
- Improved Service Delivery: Precise addressing enhances the efficiency of government schemes, such as direct benefit transfers, by ensuring accurate targeting.
- Data-Driven Governance: Geo-coded data supports evidence-based policymaking, particularly in urban planning and disaster response.
- Economic Inclusion: DHRUVA facilitates e-commerce and banking access in remote areas, bridging the digital divide.
Potential Impacts on Governance and Socio-Economic Development:
- Governance:
- Enhanced Policy Implementation: Accurate addressing improves the reach of welfare programs, reducing leakages.
- Disaster Management: Real-time location data aids in swift emergency responses, such as during floods or earthquakes.
- Urban Planning: DHRUVA supports smart city initiatives by providing reliable data for infrastructure development.
- Socio-Economic Development:
- Economic Growth: By enabling e-commerce and logistics, DHRUVA boosts small businesses and MSMEs, particularly in rural areas.
- Digital Inclusion: It addresses the digital divide, as highlighted by NSO’s 2025 survey (51.6% of rural women lack mobile phones), by improving access to digital services.
- Job Creation: The policy’s innovation-friendly framework fosters startups and tech-driven enterprises, creating employment opportunities.
Challenges and Way Forward:
Challenges include ensuring last-mile connectivity, addressing privacy concerns, and training stakeholders for adoption. The government must invest in awareness campaigns and infrastructure to ensure DHRUVA’s success. Collaboration with private players and continuous technological upgrades will be crucial.
Conclusion:
The DHRUVA policy is a transformative step toward strengthening India’s DPI, aligning with the vision of a Viksit Bharat by 2047. Its focus on precision, interoperability, and inclusivity positions it as a catalyst for efficient governance and socio-economic progress, provided implementation challenges are addressed effectively.
Question 2: Analyze the economic performance of India in FY25 as per the NSO and SBI reports. What factors contributed to the GDP growth in Q4 FY25, and what are the implications for India’s economic trajectory in FY26?
Answer:
Introduction:
The National Statistics Office (NSO) and State Bank of India (SBI) released critical economic data in May 2025, highlighting India’s real GDP growth at 6.5% for FY25 and a robust 7.4% for Q4 FY25 (January–March). These figures, alongside projections for FY26, underscore India’s position as a leading global economy amidst challenges like inflation and global uncertainties.
Economic Performance in FY25:
- NSO Estimates:
- Real GDP: Estimated at 6.5% for FY25, a four-year low, matching the Second Advanced Estimates (February 2025) but 10 basis points below RBI’s 6.6% projection.
- Q4 FY25 Growth: Recorded at 7.4%, the fastest quarterly growth in FY25, driven by industrial sectors.
- Nominal GDP: Grew by 10.8% in Q4 FY25, reaching Rs.88.18 lakh crore from Rs.79.61 lakh crore in Q4 FY24.
- Real GVA: Registered a 6.8% growth in Q4 FY25, compared to 7.3% in Q4 FY24, with an estimated Rs.45.76 lakh crore.
- Revised Q3 FY25: GDP growth revised upward from 6.2% to 6.4%.
- SBI Ecowrap Report:
- Confirmed the 7.4% GDP growth in Q4 FY25, attributing it to a 12.7% increase in net indirect taxes.
- Projected FY26 GDP growth at 6.3–6.5%, positioning India as the fastest-growing major economy.
- Noted a GDP deflator decrease to 3.1% in Q4 FY25 from 3.7% in Q3 FY25, with sectoral variations (agriculture: -3.2%, industry: +1.5%, services: -3.2%).
Factors Contributing to Q4 FY25 GDP Growth:
- Industrial Sector Performance:
- Manufacturing: Grew by 4.8%, reflecting recovery in industrial output.
- Construction: Recorded a stellar 10.8% growth, driven by infrastructure projects like the Indore Metro and rural initiatives (e.g., Atal Gram Seva Sadan).
- Mining: Contributed with a 2.5% growth, supported by increased resource extraction.
- Service Sector Resilience: The services sector led with a 7.3% growth, particularly in public administration (8.7%) and financial services (7.8%).
- Fiscal Management: A fiscal deficit of 4.77% of GDP (Rs.15.77 lakh crore), as per CGA data, supported capital expenditure (Rs.10.52 lakh crore), boosting infrastructure development.
- Policy Support: Initiatives like the Viksit Krishi Sankalp Abhiyan and Microsoft-Yotta’s AI partnership enhanced productivity in agriculture and technology sectors.
Implications for FY26 Economic Trajectory:
- Sustained Growth: SBI’s 6.3–6.5% projection for FY26 suggests continued economic resilience, supported by strong domestic demand and government investments.
- Fiscal Discipline: The government’s target of 4.4% fiscal deficit by FY26 indicates sustained fiscal consolidation, enabling higher capital expenditure.
- Sectoral Challenges: Agriculture’s negative deflator (-3.2%) signals potential rural distress, necessitating targeted interventions like MGNREGS budget hikes.
- Global Uncertainties: External factors like geopolitical tensions (e.g., Ukraine-Russia conflict) and climate risks (addressed by RBI-CRIS) could impact growth.
- Digital and AI Push: Initiatives like DHRUVA and BharatGen AI will drive innovation, enhancing India’s competitiveness in global markets.
Conclusion:
India’s FY25 economic performance reflects robust sectoral contributions, particularly in Q4, underpinned by industrial growth and fiscal discipline. The projected 6.3–6.5% growth for FY26 positions India favorably, but addressing rural challenges, climate risks, and global uncertainties will be critical to sustaining this trajectory.
Question 3: Evaluate the role of India’s participation in the Nomadic Elephant 2025 military exercise with Mongolia. How does it contribute to India’s foreign policy objectives in the Indo-Pacific region?
Answer:
Introduction:
The 17th edition of the Nomadic Elephant military exercise, held from May 31 to June 13, 2025, in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, underscores India’s commitment to strengthening bilateral ties with Mongolia. This joint exercise, involving 45 Indian troops from the Arunachal Scouts and 150 Mongolian personnel, focuses on counter-insurgency and cyber warfare, aligning with India’s broader foreign policy goals in the Indo-Pacific region.
Overview of Nomadic Elephant 2025:
- Scope and Activities: The exercise includes platoon-level field training, covering endurance training, reflex shooting, small team tactics, and cyber warfare, reflecting modern security challenges.
- Participants: Indian troops from Arunachal Scouts and Mongolian Armed Forces, with key dignitaries like India’s Ambassador Atul Malhari Gotsurve attending the opening ceremony.
- Historical Context: Initiated in 2004, Nomadic Elephant alternates between India and Mongolia, with the 16th edition held in Umroi, Meghalaya, in 2024.
Role of India’s Participation:
- Strengthening Bilateral Ties: The exercise enhances military interoperability and mutual trust between India and Mongolia, fostering deeper defence cooperation.
- Capacity Building: Training in cyber warfare and counter-insurgency equips both nations to address non-traditional security threats, such as terrorism and cyberattacks.
- Regional Stability: By engaging with Mongolia, a landlocked nation with strategic significance, India contributes to stability in Central Asia, a key region for energy and security.
Contribution to India’s Indo-Pacific Foreign Policy Objectives:
- Act East Policy: Nomadic Elephant aligns with India’s Act East Policy, which emphasizes deeper engagement with East and Southeast Asian nations. Mongolia, as a democratic partner, supports India’s vision of a free and open Indo-Pacific.
- Countering Regional Influence: Strengthening ties with Mongolia counters China’s growing influence in Central Asia, particularly through initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative.
- Multilateral Cooperation: The exercise complements India’s participation in forums like the Quad and ASEAN, promoting a rules-based order and collective security.
- Soft Power Projection: By sharing operational expertise and cultural exchanges, India enhances its soft power, positioning itself as a reliable partner in the region.
Strategic Implications:
- Security Collaboration: The focus on cyber warfare addresses emerging threats, aligning with India’s National Cyber Security Strategy.
- Geopolitical Balance: Engaging Mongolia diversifies India’s strategic partnerships, reducing dependence on traditional allies amidst global tensions (e.g., Ukraine-Russia conflict).
- Economic Opportunities: Strengthened ties could open avenues for trade and investment, particularly in Mongolia’s mineral-rich economy.
Challenges and Way Forward:
Challenges include logistical constraints due to Mongolia’s landlocked geography and differing military doctrines. India should expand such exercises to include other Central Asian nations and integrate advanced technologies like AI in future iterations.
Conclusion:
Nomadic Elephant 2025 reinforces India’s strategic outreach in the Indo-Pacific, aligning with its Act East Policy and regional security goals. By fostering military and diplomatic ties with Mongolia, India strengthens its position as a key player in promoting stability and cooperation in the region.
Question 4: Assess the impact of the digital divide highlighted by the NSO’s 2025 survey on rural women’s mobile phone ownership. What measures can the government take to bridge this gap and promote digital inclusion?
Answer:
Introduction:
The National Statistics Office’s Comprehensive Modular Survey – Telecom, 2025, revealed that 51.6% of women aged 15 and above in rural India do not own a mobile phone, underscoring a significant digital divide. While 85.5% of households own smartphones and 86.3% have internet access, this gender disparity poses challenges to India’s digital inclusion goals.
Impact of the Digital Divide:
- Economic Exclusion: Lack of mobile phone ownership limits rural women’s access to digital banking, e-commerce, and government schemes, hindering financial independence. Only 63.4% of rural youth (15-29 years) can perform online banking, compared to 79.7% in urban areas.
- Educational Barriers: Without mobile access, rural women face restricted opportunities for online education and skill development, critical for employability in a digital economy.
- Social Empowerment: Mobile phones enable access to information, health services, and social networks, which are vital for women’s empowerment. The absence of ownership exacerbates gender inequalities.
- Policy Implementation Challenges: The digital divide complicates the delivery of schemes like PMJDY and Digital India, as rural women remain disconnected from digital platforms.
Government Measures to Bridge the Digital Divide:
- Infrastructure Development:
- Expand 4G/5G connectivity in rural areas through initiatives like BharatNet.
- Set up community internet centers to provide shared access to digital devices.
- Subsidized Devices and Plans:
- Introduce schemes to provide affordable smartphones to rural women, similar to PMJDY’s financial inclusion model.
- Partner with telecom providers to offer low-cost data plans tailored for rural users.
- Digital Literacy Programs:
- Scale up initiatives like the PM Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan to train rural women in mobile usage and online banking.
- Leverage Self-Help Groups (SHGs) to conduct localized training programs.
- Policy Integration:
- Align DHRUVA and UPI with rural outreach programs to ensure women can access digital services using standardized addresses.
- Promote women-centric apps for health, education, and entrepreneurship.
- Public-Private Partnerships:
- Collaborate with tech firms like Microsoft and Yotta to develop low-cost, women-focused digital solutions, as seen in their IndiaAI Mission partnership.
- Encourage CSR initiatives to fund mobile distribution and training.
Success Stories and Models:
- The MGNREGS budget hike (12% proposed for FY26) can integrate digital literacy components to empower rural women workers.
- Telangana’s Kumram Bheem Conservation Reserve demonstrates state-level commitment to inclusive development, which can be extended to digital initiatives.
Challenges:
- Cultural barriers and patriarchal norms may restrict women’s access to technology.
- Limited rural electrification and connectivity gaps pose logistical challenges.
- Sustained funding and monitoring are needed to ensure program scalability.
Conclusion:
The digital divide, as highlighted by NSO’s 2025 survey, underscores the urgent need for targeted interventions to empower rural women. By integrating infrastructure, affordability, and literacy initiatives, the government can bridge this gap, aligning with Digital India’s vision and fostering inclusive socio-economic growth.
Question 5: Examine the significance of the Kumram Bheem Conservation Reserve notification in Telangana. How does it contribute to India’s wildlife conservation efforts, and what are the broader environmental implications?
Answer:
Introduction:
In May 2025, the Telangana government notified the tiger corridor connecting Kawal Tiger Reserve with Maharashtra’s Tadoba-Andhari as the Kumram Bheem Conservation Reserve, spanning 1,492.88 sq km across Kagaznagar and Asifabad forest divisions. Declared under Section 36A of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, this move strengthens India’s wildlife conservation framework.
Significance of the Kumram Bheem Conservation Reserve:
- Tiger Conservation: The reserve facilitates safe movement for tigers between Kawal and Tadoba-Andhari, ensuring genetic diversity and population stability. India, with 58 tiger reserves (Madhav NP being the latest), hosts over 70% of the world’s tiger population.
- Biodiversity Protection: Covering 78 reserve forest blocks, the reserve protects diverse flora and fauna, enhancing ecosystem resilience.
- Dedicated Resources: A 12-member Conservation Reserve Management Committee, led by the Kumram Bheem Asifabad DFO, ensures focused funding and personnel for conservation efforts.
- Community Engagement: Unlike national parks, conservation reserves allow limited human activity, promoting coexistence between local communities and wildlife.
Contribution to India’s Wildlife Conservation Efforts:
- Strengthening Project Tiger: The reserve bolsters Project Tiger, launched in 1973, by expanding protected habitats and corridors critical for tiger survival.
- Alignment with Global Goals: It supports India’s commitments under the Convention on Biological Diversity and SDG-15 (Life on Land), enhancing biodiversity conservation.
- Mitigating Human-Wildlife Conflict: By securing corridors, the reserve reduces tiger straying into human settlements, a growing issue in forested regions.
- Climate Resilience: Protecting forests aids carbon sequestration, aligning with RBI’s Climate Risk Information System (RBI-CRIS) to address environmental risks.
Broader Environmental Implications:
- Ecosystem Services: The reserve preserves water catchments and soil fertility, supporting agriculture and livelihoods in Telangana’s tribal regions.
- Climate Change Mitigation: Dense forests act as carbon sinks, contributing to India’s net-zero goals by 2070.
- Eco-Tourism Potential: The reserve can boost sustainable tourism, generating revenue for conservation and local economies, similar to Kanha and Panna NPs in Madhya Pradesh.
- Policy Synergies: It complements initiatives like DHRUVA, which can map conservation areas for better management, and the Viksit Krishi Sankalp Abhiyan, which promotes sustainable agriculture.
Challenges and Way Forward:
- Funding and Resources: Sustained financial support is needed for patrolling and habitat restoration.
- Community Conflicts: Balancing local livelihoods with conservation goals requires robust community engagement.
- Monitoring and Enforcement: Advanced technologies like drones and GIS, as used in DHRUVA, should be integrated for real-time monitoring.
Conclusion:
The Kumram Bheem Conservation Reserve is a pivotal step in India’s wildlife conservation strategy, enhancing tiger protection and biodiversity. Its environmental and socio-economic benefits underscore the need for integrated policies to ensure sustainable development and ecological balance.
Notes for UPSC/BPSC Mains Preparation
- Structure: Each answer follows a clear structure: Introduction, Body (with subheadings for clarity), Challenges/Way Forward, and Conclusion, meeting the analytical depth required.
- Relevance: Answers incorporate specific data (e.g., GDP figures, DHRUVA features) from the provided current affairs, ensuring exam relevance.
- Word Limit: Kept concise (approx. 250–300 words per answer), aligning with UPSC/BPSC mains word limits (e.g., 250 words for 15-mark questions).
- Interlinkages: Answers connect topics (e.g., DHRUVA with digital inclusion, conservation with climate goals) to demonstrate holistic understanding.
- Exam Tips: Use diagrams (e.g., for DHRUVA’s framework), quote data (e.g., 6.5% GDP), and address multiple dimensions (social, economic, environmental) for higher marks.
Current Affairs are crucial for competitive exams, carrying significant weight in sections like General Awareness for UPSC, SSC, Banking, and Defence exams. Stay informed with CrackTarget.com’s daily updates, monthly PDFs, and quizzes to enhance your preparation.
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Posted on: 3rd June 2025
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