Introduction and Overview The Employees’ Compensation Act, 1923, is a foundational social security law in India, aimed at providing financial compensation to workers or their dependents in cases of injury, disability, or death arising from employment-related accidents or occupational diseases. Enacted on March 5, 1923, and effective from July 1, 1924, it replaced the earlier…

Legal position updated 22 October 2026 • 22 October 2026 Study the 1947 Act historically; apply the Industrial Relations Code for the notified regime This article explains the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 as an earlier legal framework. The Industrial Relations Code, 2020 was brought into force on 21 November 2025 through Central notification S.O. 5320(E).…

Workers’ Participation in Management complete notes: Article 43A, Works Committees, Grievance Redressal Committees (IR Code), case law and 25 MCQs.

Detailed Study Material for UPSC EPFO and UPSC ALC Exams Introduction to Dispute Resolution Mechanisms Key Concepts in Dispute Resolution Mechanisms Definition and Types of Disputes Industrial disputes are conflicts between employers and employees (or unions) over employment matters, classified as individual (e.g., wrongful termination) or collective (e.g., wage demands affecting groups). Types include interest…