CCS (CCA) Rules, 1965: Suspension (Rule 10), Minor vs Major Penalties (Rule 11, 14 & 16) & Article 311

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The Central Civil Services (Classification, Control and Appeal) Rules, 1965—popularly known as CCS (CCA) Rules, 1965—operationalize the constitutional safeguards of Article 311(1) and Article 311(2) for Central Government civil servants. Memorizing Rule 10 (Suspension & 48-hour deemed suspension), Rule 11 (5 Minor Penalties vs 5 Major Penalties), Rule 14 (Procedure for Major Penalties), Rule 16…

CCS (Conduct) Rules, 1964: Integrity, Gifts, Property Transactions, Politics, Strikes & Social Media Rules

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Enacted by the President under the proviso to Article 309 of the Constitution, the Central Civil Services (Conduct) Rules, 1964 (containing 25 Rules) constitute the ethical code of conduct for all Central Government employees (Groups A, B, and C, except Railway/All-India Service employees who have parallel rules). Every UPSC DRDO SAO and LDCE aspirant must…

Public Procurement under GFR 2017 (Chapter 6, Rules 142–206): GeM, CPPP, Tendering Limits & Bid Security

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Chapter 6 of the General Financial Rules (GFR), 2017 (Rules 142 to 206) governs the Procurement of Goods and Services by Central Government Ministries and Departments. Every UPSC DRDO SAO and Store Officer aspirant must memorize the exact updated monetary thresholds (as amended by Department of Expenditure in May 2024): Direct Purchase without quotation up…

General Financial Rules (GFR) 2017: Canons of Financial Propriety, Grants, Contingency Fund & Budget

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The General Financial Rules (GFR), 2017—issued by the Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance—are executive instructions containing 12 Chapters and 324 Rules that govern all matters involving public finances, revenue receipts, expenditure sanctions, budget formulation, inventory management, procurement, and grants-in-aid across Central Government Ministries and Departments. Rule 21 of GFR 2017 codifies the 4 Golden…

Store & Materials Management Numericals: EOQ, Reorder Level, Safety Stock, FIFO/LIFO & ABC-VED Matrix

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While CrackTarget’s general Materials Management guide covers qualitative procurement concepts, UPSC DRDO SAO, UPSC Store Officer, and SEBI/PFRDA Paper-2 exams test quantitative inventory formulas: Ford W. Harris / R.H. Wilson’s Economic Order Quantity (EOQ = √[2AO / C], where Annual Ordering Cost equals Annual Carrying Cost), Stock Control Levels (Reorder Level, Minimum/Safety Stock, Maximum Level,…

DRDO Procurement Manual (PM-2020) & Defence Acquisition Procedure (DAP) for DRDO SAO & Store Officer

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While GFR 2017 governs general central procurement, the Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO) conducts R&D stores and project procurement under the specialized DRDO Procurement Manual, 2020 (PM-2020, effective 20 October 2020, replacing PM-2016), while capital defence acquisitions by the Armed Forces follow the Defence Acquisition Procedure (DAP-2020). Every DRDO Senior Administrative Officer (SAO) and…

Preventive Vigilance, CVC Act 2003, Lokpal & Lokayuktas Act 2013 & Whistle Blowers Protection (PIDPI)

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India’s anti-corruption and administrative vigilance framework rests on four pillars: (1) the Central Vigilance Commission (established in February 1964 on the recommendation of the K. Santhanam Committee and given statutory status under the CVC Act, 2003 as a 3-member body with a 4-year/65-year tenure); (2) the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013 (1 Chairperson + up…

POSH Act, 2013 (Prevention of Sexual Harassment at Workplace): ICC Composition, Timelines, SHe-Box & MCQs

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Enacted on 22 April 2013 and effective from 9 December 2013 to codify the Supreme Court’s landmark Vishaka v. State of Rajasthan (1997) guidelines and CEDAW convention, the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 (POSH Act) mandates every employer with 10 or more employees to constitute an Internal Committee…

CSMOP File Management, Record Retention Schedule, e-Office 7.0 & Security Grading of Official Documents

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While CrackTarget’s existing MOP notes cover Chapter 7 (Noting) and Chapter 8 (Drafting), the Central Secretariat Manual of Office Procedure (CSMOP, 16th Edition, DARPG) also tests File Structure (Part I Notes + Part II Correspondence + Appendix), File Numbering (Functional vs Conventional), Record Retention Categories under the Public Records Act, 1993 (Category ‘A’: Permanent &…

Delegation of Financial Powers Rules (DFPR) 2024: Appraisal & Approval Thresholds (EFC, PIB, SFC, CCEA)

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Effective 1st April 2024, the Ministry of Finance (Department of Expenditure) notified the new Delegation of Financial Powers Rules (DFPR), 2024 (containing 22 Rules), replacing the 46-year-old DFPR, 1978. Under DFPR 2024, the President delegates financial powers across Ministries, Departments, Administrators of UTs, and Heads of Departments (HoDs), updates the Primary Units of Appropriation (Object…

Tag: UPSC DRDO SAO