Modern Indian
History
Comprehensive, exam-focused study notes on India’s journey from colonial rule to independence. Curated for UPSC, State PCS & other competitive exams.
All Topics
Click any card to access detailed study notes
The Advent of British Rule
British East India Company: Establishment
Origins, Royal Charter of 1600, early factories, and the foundation of British commercial presence in India.
Read Complete NotesBritish East India Company: Expansion
From trade to territorial control — key acquisitions, subsidiary alliances, and growth of British power in India.
Read Complete NotesBritish East India Company: Battles
All major battles including Plassey, Buxar, and other decisive conflicts that established British supremacy.
Read Complete NotesLand Revenue Systems & Economic Exploitation
Permanent Settlement
Lord Cornwallis’ Permanent Settlement of 1793 in Bengal — Zamindari system and its long-term impact.
Read Complete NotesRyotwari System
Thomas Munro’s Ryotwari settlement in Madras and Bombay Presidencies — direct settlement with cultivators.
Read Complete NotesMahalwari System
Mahalwari settlement in North-Western Provinces and Punjab — village community based revenue system.
Read Complete NotesDrain of Wealth
Dadabhai Naoroji’s theory of economic drain — how colonial policies impoverished India.
Read Complete NotesSocio-Religious Reform Movements
Brahmo Samaj
Raja Ram Mohan Roy and the Brahmo Samaj — monotheism, abolition of sati, and modern education movement.
Read Complete NotesArya Samaj
Swami Dayanand Saraswati and Arya Samaj — Shuddhi movement, Vedic revival, and social reform.
Read Complete NotesOther Reformers
Contributions of other prominent social and religious reformers of 19th century India.
Read Complete Notes1857 Revolt & Rise of Indian Nationalism
Indian National Movement: Timelines
Complete chronological timeline of the Indian National Movement from 1857 to 1947.
Read Complete Notes1857 Revolt
Key figures, events, causes and consequences of the First War of Indian Independence.
Read Complete NotesEarly Phase of INM
Rise of the Indian National Congress and political organizations in the early phase of the freedom struggle.
Read Complete NotesDadabhai Naoroji
Life, contributions, and the famous ‘Drain of Wealth’ theory by the Grand Old Man of India.
Read Complete NotesModerate & Extremist Phases
Gopal Krishna Gokhale
The moderate leader, his role in Indian National Congress and Servants of India Society.
Read Complete NotesDemands of Congress
Evolution of Congress demands from moderate phase — constitutional reforms and early objectives.
Read Complete NotesExtremist Phase
Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal, Lala Lajpat Rai and the Swadeshi Movement after Partition of Bengal.
Read Complete NotesRevolutionary Movements
Chapekar Brothers, Bhagat Singh, revolutionary activities and the armed struggle for independence.
Read Complete NotesThe Gandhian Era
Gandhian Era
Non-Cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience Movement, Quit India Movement and Gandhi’s mass mobilization strategy.
Read Complete NotesIndependence, Partition & Nation Building
Independence and Partition
India’s independence in 1947, the Radcliffe Line, Partition violence and the refugee crisis.
Read Complete NotesIntegration of Princely States
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel’s role in the integration of over 560 princely states into the Indian Union.
Read Complete NotesConstitutional Developments
Important constitutional acts — 1909, 1919 (Montagu-Chelmsford), 1935 Government of India Act and their impact.
Read Complete NotesBroader Participation in the Freedom Struggle
Role of Women
Sarojini Naidu, Annie Besant and the significant participation of women in the Indian independence movement.
Read Complete NotesTribal Movements
Santhal Rebellion, Birsa Munda movement and major tribal uprisings against British rule.
Read Complete NotesPeasant Movements
Tebhaga Movement, Champaran Satyagraha and the role of peasants in the freedom struggle.
Read Complete NotesRole of the Press
The Hindu, Amrita Bazar Patrika and the powerful role of Indian press in shaping public opinion during freedom struggle.
Read Complete NotesContribution of Different Regions
Role of Bengal, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Bihar and other regions in India’s freedom struggle.
Read Complete NotesLabor Movements
History of trade unions in India, AITUC and the contribution of working class to the national movement.
Read Complete NotesReady to master Modern Indian History?
Access the complete library of study materials, previous year questions, and daily MCQs for UPSC & State PCS.